Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/súraH

This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian

Etymology

Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *sūl (“thick liquid”). Alternatively, from the root *su- (“to press, to extract”) whence also *sáwmas.

Noun

*súraH f

1. wine, liquor, alcohol
2. any fermented drink, milk, juice etc
3. nectar, any intoxicating drink

Declension

aH-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*súraH	*súray	*súrās
vocative	*súray	*súray	*súrās
accusative	*súrām	*súray	*súrās
instrumental	*súrayaH	*súraHbʰyā(m)	*súraHbʰiš
ablative	*súrayaHs	*súraHbʰyā(m)	*súraHbʰyas
dative	*súrayaHy	*súraHbʰyā(m)	*súraHbʰyas
genitive	*súrayaHs	*súrāyās	*súraHnām
locative	*súrayaH(m)	*súrāyaw	*súraHsu

Descendants

• Proto-Indo-Aryan: *súraH
  • Sanskrit: सुरा (súrā, “alcohol, wine”) (see there for further descendants)
• Proto-Iranian: *húraH (“fermented milk”)
  • Avestan: 𐬵𐬎𐬭𐬁 (hurā)
  • Old Persian:
    • Middle Persian: hwl (hur)
  • Khotanese: hurā
• → Kipchak:
  • Bashkir: һыра (hıra, “beer”)
  • Kazakh: сыра (syra, “beer”)
  • Tatar: сыра (sıra, “beer”)
  • → Southern Altai: сыра (sïra, “beer”)
• → Proto-Permic: *sur (“beer”) (see there for further descendants)