Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/wéstor

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

Athematic Narten root verb of *wes- (“to dress, clothe”).

Verb

*wéstor (imperfective)^[1]^[2]

to be wearing

Inflection

Imperfective, athematic, middle only
3rd singular	wéstor, wésor
3rd plural	wésn̥tor, wésror
Middle voice	Present indicative	Past indicative	Imperative	Subjunctive	Optative
1st singular	*wésh₂er	*wésh₂e	—	*wésoh₂er	*wésih₁h₂e
2nd singular	*wésth₂er	*wésth₂e	*wéso	*wéseth₂er	*wésih₁th₂e
3rd singular	wéstor, wésor	wésto, wéso	*?	*wésetor	wésih₁to, wésih₁o
1st dual	*wéswosdʰh₂	*wéswedʰh₂	—	*wésowosdʰh₂	*wésih₁wedʰh₂
2nd dual	*?	*?	*?	*?	*?
3rd dual	*?	*?	*?	*?	*?
1st plural	*wésmosdʰh₂	*wésmedʰh₂	—	*wésomosdʰh₂	*wésih₁medʰh₂
2nd plural	*wésdʰh₂we	*wésdʰh₂we	*wésdʰh₂we	*wésedʰh₂we	*wésih₁dʰh₂we
3rd plural	wésn̥tor, wésror	wésn̥to, wésro	*?	*wésontor	*wésih₁ro

Participle	*wésm̥h₁nos

Descendants

Anatolian:
- Hittite: 𒌑𒂊𒌍𒋫 (ú-e-eš-ta) 𒌑𒌍𒋫 (ú-eš-ta, 3.sg.pres.mid.), 𒌑𒂊𒌍𒊭𒀭𒁕 (ú-e-eš-ša-an-da, 2.pl.pres.mid.)
Proto-Hellenic: *wéhmai (from earlier *wésmai^[3])
- Ancient Greek: εἷμαι (heîmai, perfect of ἕννυμι (hénnumi)), ἕσσαι (héssai, 2sg.)
Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wástay
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wástay
  - Sanskrit वस्ते (váste)
- Proto-Iranian: *wástay
  - Old Avestan: 𐬬𐬀𐬯𐬙𐬉 (vastē)
    - ⇒ Younger Avestan: 𐬬𐬀𐬢𐬵𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (vaŋhaⁱti) (thematization)

Derived terms

*wés-m̥h₁nos (present middle participle)
- Proto-Hellenic: *wéhmenos
  - Ancient Greek: εἱμένος (heiménos)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wásaHnas
  - Proto-Iranian: *wáhaHnah
    - Younger Avestan: 𐬬𐬀𐬢𐬵𐬁𐬥𐬀 (vaŋhāna)

References

^ Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎^[1], Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
^ (for the Narten ablaut) Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, pages 133-134
^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἕννυμι”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 428-9: “*ϝέσ-μαι”

[1] Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎^[1], Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN

[2] (for the Narten ablaut) Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, pages 133-134

[3] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἕννυμι”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 428-9: “*ϝέσ-μαι”

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