Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/térh₂t

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

Athematic root aorist of *terh₂- (“to cross over”).

Verb

*térh₂t (perfective)^[1]

to get through, cross over

Inflection

Perfective, athematic, active only
3rd singular	*térh₂t
3rd plural	*tr̥h₂ént
Active voice	Indicative	Imperative	Subjunctive	Optative
1st singular	*térh₂m̥	—	*térh₂oh₂	*tr̥h₂yéh₁m̥
2nd singular	*térh₂s	tḗr, tr̥h₂dʰí	*térh₂esi	*tr̥h₂yéh₁s
3rd singular	*térh₂t	*térh₂tu	*térh₂eti	*tr̥h₂yéh₁t
1st dual	*tr̥h₂wé	—	*térh₂owos	*tr̥h₂ih₁wé
2nd dual	*tr̥h₂tóm	*tr̥h₂tóm	*térh₂etes	*tr̥h₂ih₁tóm
3rd dual	*tr̥h₂tā́m	*tr̥h₂tā́m	*térh₂etes	*tr̥h₂ih₁tā́m
1st plural	*tr̥h₂mé	—	*térh₂omos	*tr̥h₂ih₁mé
2nd plural	*tr̥h₂té	*tr̥h₂té	*térh₂ete	*tr̥h₂ih₁té
3rd plural	*tr̥h₂ént	*tr̥h₂éntu	*térh₂onti	*tr̥h₂ih₁ént

Participle	*tr̥h₂ónts

Derived terms

*tŕ̥h₂n̥t-s (< participle *tr̥h₂-n̥t-és)^[2]^[3]
- Proto-Celtic: *trāns (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Celtic: *trei (< dative *tr̥h₂n̥t-éy) (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Italic: *trānts (see there for further descendants)

Descendants

Proto-Anatolian:
- Hittite: 𒋻𒄴𒈪 (tar-aḫ-mi /⁠taraḫmi⁠/, 1sg.pres.act.)
Proto-Tocharian:
- Tocharian B: tär- (“to radiate, spread out”)

References

^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*terh₂-¹”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 633-634
^ Schumacher, Stefan, Schulze-Thulin, Britta (2004) Die keltischen Primärverben: ein vergleichendes, etymologisches und morphologisches Lexikon [The Celtic Primary Verbs: A comparative, etymological and morphological lexicon] (Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft; 110) (in German), Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachen und Literaturen der Universität Innsbruck, →ISBN, page 138: “*trānts; *trānss”
^ Malzahn, Melanie (2016) “Tudáti-presents and the tēzzi Principle”, in Sahasram Ati Srajas. Indo-Iranian and Indo-European Studies in Honor of Stephanie W. Jamison‎^[1], Ann Arbor, New York: Beech Stave Press, page 227: “*tr̥h₂-(o)nt-”

[1] Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*terh₂-¹”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 633-634

[2] Schumacher, Stefan, Schulze-Thulin, Britta (2004) Die keltischen Primärverben: ein vergleichendes, etymologisches und morphologisches Lexikon [The Celtic Primary Verbs: A comparative, etymological and morphological lexicon] (Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft; 110) (in German), Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachen und Literaturen der Universität Innsbruck, →ISBN, page 138: “*trānts; *trānss”

[3] Malzahn, Melanie (2016) “Tudáti-presents and the tēzzi Principle”, in Sahasram Ati Srajas. Indo-Iranian and Indo-European Studies in Honor of Stephanie W. Jamison‎^[1], Ann Arbor, New York: Beech Stave Press, page 227: “*tr̥h₂-(o)nt-”

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