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Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pléh₁dʰh₁eti

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

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Etymology

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From *pleh₁- (to fill) +‎ *-dʰh₁eti (resultative verbal suffix).

Verb

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*pléh₁dʰh₁eti (imperfective)[1]

  1. to become full, swell
  2. to increase, further

Inflection

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Imperfective, thematic
3rd singular *pléh₁dʰh₁eti
3rd plural *pléh₁dʰh₁onti
Active voice Present indicative Past indicative Imperative Subjunctive Optative
1st singular *pléh₁dʰh₁oh₂ *pléh₁dʰh₁om *pléh₁dʰh₁ōh₂ *pléh₁dʰh₁oyh₁m̥
2nd singular *pléh₁dʰh₁esi *pléh₁dʰh₁es *pléh₁dʰh₁e *pléh₁dʰh₁ēsi *pléh₁dʰh₁oys
3rd singular *pléh₁dʰh₁eti *pléh₁dʰh₁et *pléh₁dʰh₁etu *pléh₁dʰh₁ēti *pléh₁dʰh₁oyt
1st dual *pléh₁dʰh₁owos *pléh₁dʰh₁owe *pléh₁dʰh₁ōwos *pléh₁dʰh₁oywe
2nd dual *pléh₁dʰh₁etes *pléh₁dʰh₁etom *pléh₁dʰh₁etom *pléh₁dʰh₁ētes *pléh₁dʰh₁oytom
3rd dual *pléh₁dʰh₁etes *pléh₁dʰh₁etām *pléh₁dʰh₁etām *pléh₁dʰh₁ētes *pléh₁dʰh₁oytām
1st plural *pléh₁dʰh₁omos *pléh₁dʰh₁ome *pléh₁dʰh₁ōmos *pléh₁dʰh₁oyme
2nd plural *pléh₁dʰh₁ete *pléh₁dʰh₁ete *pléh₁dʰh₁ete *pléh₁dʰh₁ēte *pléh₁dʰh₁oyte
3rd plural *pléh₁dʰh₁onti *pléh₁dʰh₁ont *pléh₁dʰh₁ontu *pléh₁dʰh₁ōnti *pléh₁dʰh₁oyh₁n̥t
Participle *pléh₁dʰh₁onts
Middle voice Present indicative Past indicative Imperative Subjunctive Optative
1st singular *pléh₁dʰh₁oh₂er *pléh₁dʰh₁oh₂e *pléh₁dʰh₁ōh₂er *pléh₁dʰh₁oyh₂e
2nd singular *pléh₁dʰh₁eth₂er *pléh₁dʰh₁eth₂e *pléh₁dʰh₁eso *pléh₁dʰh₁ēth₂er *pléh₁dʰh₁oyth₂e
3rd singular *pléh₁dʰh₁etor *pléh₁dʰh₁eto *? *pléh₁dʰh₁ētor *pléh₁dʰh₁oyto, *pléh₁dʰh₁oyh₁o
1st dual *pléh₁dʰh₁owosdʰh₂ *pléh₁dʰh₁owedʰh₂ *pléh₁dʰh₁ōwosdʰh₂ *pléh₁dʰh₁oywedʰh₂
2nd dual *? *? *? *? *?
3rd dual *? *? *? *? *?
1st plural *pléh₁dʰh₁omosdʰh₂ *pléh₁dʰh₁omedʰh₂ *pléh₁dʰh₁ōmosdʰh₂ *pléh₁dʰh₁oymedʰh₂
2nd plural *pléh₁dʰh₁edʰh₂we *pléh₁dʰh₁edʰh₂we *pléh₁dʰh₁edʰh₂we *pléh₁dʰh₁ēdʰh₂we *pléh₁dʰh₁oydʰh₂we
3rd plural *pléh₁dʰh₁ontor *pléh₁dʰh₁onto *? *pléh₁dʰh₁ōntor *pléh₁dʰh₁oyro
Participle *pléh₁dʰh₁omnos

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *práHdʰHati
    • Proto-Iranian: *fráHdHati (to increase)[2]
      • Old Avestan: 𐬟𐬭𐬁𐬛𐬀𐬝 (frādat̰, to further, prs.subj.)
      • Khwarezmian: [script needed] (šʾzy-, to increase)
      • Proto-Iranian: *wifráHdHati (furthered, promote)
        • Parthian:
          Manichaean script: [Manichaean needed] (wyfr’ynd, 3pl.pres.act.)
        • Middle Persian:
          Manichaean script: [Manichaean needed] (wyprʾyd)
  • Proto-Hellenic: *plḗtʰō
    • Ancient Greek: πλήθω (plḗthō, to become full, swell)

References

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  1. ^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*pleh₁-¹”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 482-483
  2. ^ Cheung, Johnny (2007) “*fraHd”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 86