Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kl̥H-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

Formally unable to be related to Proto-Indo-European *gelH- (“naked, head”); however, the superficial phonetic and semantic resemblance of the two roots, as well as the existence of words meaning "bald" (a non-basic vocabulary term) in various descendants of both roots via the same suffixing pattern of -wó-s, is striking.^[1]

Root

*kl̥H-^[2]^[3]

bald, naked

Reconstruction notes

The root is only attested in zero-grade derivatives, so it is unclear whether the root should be *kelH- or *kleH-.

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kl̥H- (1 c, 0 e)

*kl̥H-wó-s
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *kl̥Hwás
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *kl̥Hwás
    - Sanskrit: कुल्व (kulvá)
  - Proto-Iranian: *kr̥Hwáh
    - Avestan: 𐬐𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀 (ka^uruua)
    - Persian: کل (kal, “bald”)
      - → Turkish: kel
- Proto-Italic: *kalowos
  - Latin: calvus (“bald, hairless”) (see there for further descendants)
*kl̥H-wéh₂
- Proto-Italic: *kalowā
  - Latin: calva (“skull”) (see there for further descendants)

References

^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “galva”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 162-3
^ Guus Kroonen (2013) “*kalwaz”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 287
^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “calvus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 85

[1] Derksen, Rick (2015) “galva”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 162-3

[2] Guus Kroonen (2013) “*kalwaz”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 287

[3] De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “calvus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 85

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