Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gewH-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

Perhaps connected to the synonymous *ǵʰewH-.

Root

*g⁽ʷ⁾ew(H)- or *g⁽ʷ⁾ew(h₂)-

1. to call, name
2. to invoke, call on
3. to cry, cry out

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gewH- (7 c, 0 e)

• *géwH-e-ti (thematic root present)
  • Proto-Germanic: *kewaną (“to cry”)
    • Old Norse: kjá
  • (perhaps) Proto-Indo-Iranian: *gáwbati
    • Proto-Iranian: *gáwbati (see there for further descendants)
• *gowH-éye-ti (causative)
  • Proto-Germanic: *kawjaną (“to call, name”) (see there for further descendants)
• *gowh₂-dʰh₁-y-ónti (denominative)
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *gaustei
    • Lithuanian: gaũsti, gaudžiù (“to make a sound, hum”, 1sg.)
    • Latvian: gaũst, gaūžu (“to wail, lament”, 1sg.)
    • Proto-Slavic: *gǫsti (“to make a sound, hum, sing, weep, play an instrument”) (see there for further descendants)
• *gow-dʰh₁-us
  • Balto-Slavic:
    • Lithuanian: gaudùs (“sonorous”)
    • Latvian: gàuds (“miserable”)
• *gowH-oro-s
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *gawaras
    • Latvian: gaura (“chatter”)
    • Proto-Slavic: *gȍvorъ (“talk”) (see there for further descendants)
• *gʷowH-e-ti (thematic root present)
  • Proto-Italic: *gʷow-
    • Latin: bovō (“loudly call upon, cry aloud”)
• *gʷowH-os
  • Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: γόος (góos, “wailing, weeping, lament”)
• *guH-mós
  • Proto-Germanic: *kūmaz (“thin, weak, frail”)
    • ⇒ Old High German: kūmo (see there for further descendants)
    • ⇒ Old English: cyme
• Unsorted formations:
  • >? Sanskrit: जोगुवे (joguve, “to call, invoke”)