Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʷʰónos

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From *gʷʰen- (“to strike down, slay”) +‎ *-os (action noun suffix), if not formed independently in each language.^[1]

Noun

*gʷʰónos m^[2]^[1]

killing, slaughter

Inflection

Thematic
	singular
nominative	*gʷʰónos
genitive	*gʷʰónosyo
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*gʷʰónos	*gʷʰónoh₁	*gʷʰónoes
vocative	*gʷʰóne	*gʷʰónoh₁	*gʷʰónoes
accusative	*gʷʰónom	*gʷʰónoh₁	*gʷʰónoms
genitive	*gʷʰónosyo	*?	*gʷʰónoHom
ablative	*gʷʰónead	*?	gʷʰónomos, gʷʰónobʰos
dative	*gʷʰónoey	*?	gʷʰónomos, gʷʰónobʰos
locative	gʷʰóney, gʷʰónoy	*?	*gʷʰónoysu
instrumental	*gʷʰónoh₁	*?	*gʷʰónōys

Descendants

Proto-Celtic: *gʷonos (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Hellenic: *kʷʰónos
- Ancient Greek: φόνος (phónos, “murder”) (see there for further descendants)
Proto-Balto-Slavic: *gánas (see there for further descendants)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “φόνος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1586: “PIE *gʷʰón-o- [m.]”
^ Rix, Helmut (1992) Historische Grammatik des Griechischen: Laut- und Formenlehre (in German), 2nd edition, Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, →ISBN, page 87: “*g^u̯ʰonos”

[EDG-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “φόνος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1586: “PIE *gʷʰón-o- [m.]”

[2] Rix, Helmut (1992) Historische Grammatik des Griechischen: Laut- und Formenlehre (in German), 2nd edition, Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, →ISBN, page 87: “*g^u̯ʰonos”

[1]

[2]