Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʷʰéntis

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

From *gʷʰen- (“to strike, slay”) +‎ *-tis (abstract or action suffix).

Noun

*gʷʰéntis f

1. striking, killing

Inflection

Athematic, proterokinetic
	singular
nominative	*gʷʰéntis
genitive	*gʷʰn̥téys
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*gʷʰéntis	*gʷʰéntih₁(e)	*gʷʰénteyes
vocative	*gʷʰénti	*gʷʰéntih₁(e)	*gʷʰénteyes
accusative	*gʷʰéntim	*gʷʰéntih₁(e)	*gʷʰéntims
genitive	*gʷʰn̥téys	*?	*gʷʰn̥téyoHom
ablative	*gʷʰn̥téys	*?	*gʷʰn̥tímos, *gʷʰn̥tíbʰos
dative	*gʷʰn̥téyey	*?	*gʷʰn̥tímos, *gʷʰn̥tíbʰos
locative	*gʷʰn̥téy, *gʷʰn̥tḗy	*?	*gʷʰn̥tísu
instrumental	*gʷʰn̥tíh₁	*?	*gʷʰn̥tímis, *gʷʰn̥tíbʰis

Descendants

• Proto-Germanic: *gunþiz (via an intermediate form where *gʷʰ delabialized to *gʰ) (see there for further descendants)
• Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ǰʰátis
  • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *źʰátiṣ
    • Sanskrit: हति (hati)
  • Proto-Iranian: *ǰánti
    • Eastern Iranian:
      • Avestan: 𐬘𐬀𐬌𐬧𐬙𐬌 (jaⁱṇti)
    • Southwestern Iranian:
      • Old Persian: 𐎩𐎫𐎡𐎹 (jaⁿtiy, “to strike, defeat”) (root [Term?] (/⁠ja(n)-⁠/))
        • Middle Persian: [script needed] (MHYTWN-n /⁠zadan⁠/) (root [script needed] (zn- /⁠zan-⁠/))
          • Persian: زدن (zadan)