Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/déh₃t

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

Athematic root aorist of *deh₃- (“to give”).

Verb

*déh₃t (perfective)

1. to give

Inflection

Perfective, athematic
3rd singular	*déh₃t
3rd plural	*dh₃ént
Active voice	Indicative	Imperative	Subjunctive	Optative
1st singular	*déh₃m̥	—	*déh₃oh₂	*dh₃yéh₁m̥
2nd singular	*déh₃s	*déh₃, *dh₃dʰí	*déh₃esi	*dh₃yéh₁s
3rd singular	*déh₃t	*déh₃tu	*déh₃eti	*dh₃yéh₁t
1st dual	*dh₃wé	—	*déh₃owos	*dh₃ih₁wé
2nd dual	*dh₃tóm	*dh₃tóm	*déh₃etes	*dh₃ih₁tóm
3rd dual	*dh₃tā́m	*dh₃tā́m	*déh₃etes	*dh₃ih₁tā́m
1st plural	*dh₃mé	—	*déh₃omos	*dh₃ih₁mé
2nd plural	*dh₃té	*dh₃té	*déh₃ete	*dh₃ih₁té
3rd plural	*dh₃ént	*dh₃éntu	*déh₃onti	*dh₃ih₁ént
Participle	*dh₃ónts
Middle voice	Indicative	Imperative	Subjunctive	Optative
1st singular	*dh₃h₂é	—	*déh₃oh₂er	*dh₃ih₁h₂é
2nd singular	*dh₃th₂é	*dh₃só	*déh₃eth₂er	*dh₃ih₁th₂é
3rd singular	*dh₃tó, *dh₃ó	*?	*déh₃etor	*dh₃ih₁tó, *dh₃ih₁ó
1st dual	*dh₃wédʰh₂	—	*déh₃owosdʰh₂	*dh₃ih₁wédʰh₂
2nd dual	*?	*?	*?	*?
3rd dual	*?	*?	*?	*?
1st plural	*dh₃médʰh₂	—	*déh₃omosdʰh₂	*dh₃ih₁médʰh₂
2nd plural	*dh₃dʰh₂wé	*dh₃dʰh₂wé	*déh₃edʰh₂we	*dh₃ih₁dʰh₂wé
3rd plural	*dh₃n̥tó, *dh₃ró	*?	*déh₃ontor	*dh₃ih₁ró
Participle	*dh₃m̥h₁nós

Descendants

• Armenian:
  • Old Armenian: ետ (et)
• Proto-Celtic: *dāti (see there for further descendants)
• Proto-Hellenic:
  • Ancient Greek: ἔδομεν (édomen) (defective aorist of δίδωμι (dídōmi)), ἔδωκᾰ (édōka) (extended with -k-))
• Proto-Indo-Iranian: *HádaHt
  • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *HádaHt
    • Sanskrit: अदात् (ádāt)
  • Proto-Iranian: *HádaHt
    • Avestan: 𐬛𐬁𐬝 (dāt̰, 3sg.aor.act.inj.)
• Proto-Italic: *dōai (possibly)
  • Venetic: 𐌃𐌏𐌕𐌏 (doto)