Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱwes-

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This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

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Root

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*ḱwes-[1]

  1. to puff, sigh

Alternative reconstructions

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Derived terms

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  • *ḱwés-ti ~ *ḱus-énti (athematic present)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ćwás-ti ~ *ćus-ánti
    • ⇒ Proto-Italic: *kweseti[3]
      • Latin: queror (“to complain”)
  • Unsorted formations:
    • Proto-Germanic: *hwēsaną (“to wheeze”)[4] (see there for further descendants)
    • Indo-Iranian:[5]
      • Sanskrit: श्वासयति (śvāsayati, “to make puff”, causative)
      • Sanskrit: श्वास (śvāsa, “breath”)
      • Proto-Iranian: [Term?] f du (“lungs”)
        • Avestan: 𐬯𐬎𐬱𐬌 (suši)
        • Khotanese: [script needed] (suvá)
        • Middle Persian: [script needed] (suš)
        • Old Ossetic: [script needed] (sūs, sos)
    • Tocharian:

References

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  1. ^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*k̑u̯es-, ‘schnaufen, schnauben, seufzen’”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 341
  2. ^ Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), “*ḱu̯eshx- ‘± breathe; sigh, groan’”, in Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 518
  3. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “queror, -ī ‘to complain, protest’”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 507
  4. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*hwēsan- s.v. ‘to wheeze’”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 266
  5. ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (2001) “ŚVAS”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎[1] (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 677

Further reading

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