Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ǵwelH-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*ǵwelH- (imperfective)^[1]^[2]

to burn
to shine

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵwelH- (28 c, 0 e)

*ǵwélH-e-ti (thematic root present)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ȷ́wálati
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *ȷ́wálati
    - Sanskrit: ज्वलति (jválati, “to burn; to glow”) (see there for further descendants)
*ǵwl̥H-é-ti ("tudati"-type thematic root present)
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *źwílˀtei
  - Lithuanian: žvìlti (“to shine”)
*ǵwl̥H-o-m
- Proto-Germanic: *kulą (“coal”) (see there for further descendants)
*ǵwolH-o-s
- Proto-Celtic: *goulos (“charcoal, coal”) (< *ǵowlH-o-s via schwebeablaut)
  - Middle Irish: gúal
    - Irish: gual
    - Manx: geayl
    - Scottish Gaelic: gual

References

^ Guus Kroonen (2013) “*kula- 2”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 309
^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 170-1

[1] Guus Kroonen (2013) “*kula- 2”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 309

[2] Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 170-1

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[2]