Reconstruction:Proto-Hmong-Mien/ntju̯əŋᴴ

This Proto-Hmong-Mien entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Hmong-Mien

Etymology

Compare Austroasiatic

Noun

*ntju̯əŋᴴ

1. tree

Descendants

• Hmongic
  • Pa Hng
    • Pa Hng - Gundong 滚董: tja³⁵
    • Hm Nai - Mao'ao 毛坳: tsa³⁵
  • North Hmongic
    • West Xiangxi (Xong) - Layiping 腊乙坪: qo³⁵ntu⁵³
    • East Xiangxi (Suang) - Xiaozhang 小章: ki⁰³du¹³
  • East Hmongic
    • North Qiandong - Yanghao 养蒿: tə⁴⁴
    • East Qiandong - Caidiwan 菜地湾: teu⁴⁴
    • South Qiandong - Yaogao 尧告: teu⁴⁴
    • West Qiandong (Raojia) - Heba 河坝: teu³³
  • Sheic
    • Younuo 优诺: fo⁴⁴
    • Jiongnai - Longhua 龙华: ntɒŋ³⁵
    • Bana 巴那: fa¹³
    • She - Xiashuicun 下水村: tɔŋ³³
  • West Hmongic
    • Bunu
      • Dongnu - Qibainong 七百弄: ntau⁴²
      • Nunu - Xishan 西山: ka³³taŋ¹³
      • Numao - Yaolu 瑶麓: ntou⁴⁴
    • Core
      • East Luobuohe (Xijia) - Shibanqiao 石板寨: qo⁰⁵ntuŋ²⁴
      • West Luobuohe - Gaozhai 高寨: ntoŋ³⁵
      • Huishui - Gaopo 高坡: hu²⁴
      • Mashan - Zongdi 宗地: wa²²
      • A-Hmao - Shimenpo 石门坡: ntau³³
      • Chuanqiandian - Dananshan 大南山: ntoŋ⁴⁴
• Mienic
  • Mien
    • Guangdian (Jiangdi): djaŋ²⁴
    • Xiangnan (Miaoziyuan): djaŋ³⁵
  • Kim Mun
    • Diangui (Liangzi): gjaŋ⁴⁴
    • Fanghai (Tansan): gjaŋ³³⁵
  • Biao Mon
    • Changping: djaŋ³⁵
    • Luoxiang: djaŋ³⁵
  • Biao Min
    • Dongshan: djaŋ²⁴
    • Shikou: tjaŋ⁴⁴
    • Niuweizhai: djaŋ⁴⁴
  • Dzao Min (Daping): a⁴⁴djaŋ⁴²

References

• Ratliff, Martha (2010) Hmong-Mien language history (Studies in Language Change; 8), Camberra, Australia: Pacific Linguistics, →ISBN.
• Chen, Qiguang (陈其光) (2013) Miao Yao yuwen (苗瑶语文), Beijing: Minzu chubanshe (民族出版社), →ISBN
• Mao, Zongwu (毛宗武) (2004) Yaozu Mianyu fangyan yanjiu (瑤族勉语方言研究), Beijing: Minzu chubanshe (民族出版社)