Reconstruction:Proto-Hmong-Mien/ʔrəu

This Proto-Hmong-Mien entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Hmong-Mien

Etymology

Compare Kra-Dai and Proto-Tibeto-Burman *b-rak

Noun

*ʔrəu

1. stone

Descendants

• Hmongic
  • Pa Hng
    • Pa Hng - Gundong 滚董: qa⁰³jo³⁵
    • Hm Nai - Mao'ao 毛坳: la⁰³ʑo³⁵
  • North Hmongic
    • West Xiangxi (Xong) - Layiping 腊乙坪: qo³⁵ʐɯ³⁵
    • East Xiangxi (Suang) - Xiaozhang 小章: ki⁰³ʑəɯ⁵³
  • East Hmongic
    • North Qiandong - Yanghao 养蒿: ɣi³³
    • East Qiandong - Caidiwan 菜地湾: ʑei²⁴
    • South Qiandong - Yaogao 尧告: ɣei¹³
    • West Qiandong (Raojia) - Heba 河坝: pɔ¹³ɣi⁴⁴
  • Sheic
    • Younuo 优诺: hau³²vji⁴⁴
    • Jiongnai - Longhua 龙华: ŋkja⁴⁴
    • Bana 巴那: pei³⁵
    • She - Xiashuicun 下水村: ja²²kɔ⁵⁵
  • West Hmongic
    • Bunu
      • Dongnu - Qibainong 七百弄: fa⁵³ɣe³³
      • Nunu - Xishan 西山: pi³⁵ʑa³³
      • Numao - Yaolu 瑶麓: ɣei⁵³
    • Core
      • East Luobuohe (Xijia) - Shibanqiao 石板寨: ʔa⁰²ʔji³¹
      • West Luobuohe - Gaozhai 高寨: ʔə⁰²ʔje³¹
      • Huishui - Gaopo 高坡: qə⁰²ʐɛ²⁴
      • Mashan - Zongdi 宗地: ʐæ³²
      • A-Hmao - Shimenpo 石门坡: ʔa⁵⁵və⁵⁵
      • Chuanqiandian - Dananshan 大南山: ʐe⁴³
• Mienic
  • Mien
    • Guangdian (Jiangdi): lai³¹pjei⁵²
    • Xiangnan (Miaoziyuan): lau³³pei⁵³
  • Kim Mun
    • Diangui (Liangzi): gjau³⁵pjei⁵⁴⁵
    • Fanghai (Tansan): gjaːu³⁵ʔpjɛi⁵⁵
  • Biao Mon
    • Changping: ðau³³plei⁵³
    • Luoxiang: gau³³
  • Biao Min
    • Dongshan: lau³³pli³⁵
    • Shikou: lɔu³³pli³⁵
    • Niuweizhai: ɣau³³pɣui³⁵
  • Dzao Min (Daping): dzu⁴⁴pɛi²⁴

References

• Ratliff, Martha (2010) Hmong-Mien language history (Studies in Language Change; 8), Camberra, Australia: Pacific Linguistics, →ISBN.
• Chen, Qiguang (陈其光) (2013) Miao Yao yuwen (苗瑶语文), Beijing: Minzu chubanshe (民族出版社), →ISBN
• Mao, Zongwu (毛宗武) (2004) Yaozu Mianyu fangyan yanjiu (瑤族勉语方言研究), Beijing: Minzu chubanshe (民族出版社)