Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/tōgô

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *deh₃gʰ- (“branch”). Possibly cognate with Albanian degë (“bough, branch”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtɔː.ɣɔːː/

Noun

*tōgô m

1. twig; branch

   Synonyms: *astaz, *limuz, *telguz, *twīgą

Inflection

masculine an-stemDeclension of *tōgô (masculine an-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*tōgô	*tōganiz
vocative	*tōgô	*tōganiz
accusative	*tōganų	*takkunz
genitive	*takkaz	*takkǫ̂
dative	*tagini	*tagummaz
instrumental	*takkē	*tagummiz

Related terms

• *taggǭ, *taggô
• *takkô
• *tōkô

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *tōgō; *tōg (< *tōgaz, *tōgą)
  • Old Frisian: *tōga, *tōka; *tōch
    • Saterland Frisian: Toug, Touch
    • West Frisian: tûke
  • Old Saxon: tōgo; *tōg
    • Middle Low German: tôch
  • Old Dutch: *tuogo; *tuog
    • Middle Dutch: tooch, toech
      • Dutch: toeg
  • Old High German: zuogo; zuog

From a levelled variant tagg-:

• North Germanic:
  • Danish: tagge
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: tagge, tagg
  • Old Swedish: tagger
    • Swedish: tagg
  • →? Middle English: tag
    • English: tag
    • Scots: tag

From the genitive stem takk-:

• Old Saxon: *takk; takka
  • Middle Low German: tacke, tagge m or f
    • German Low German: Tack f
    • →? Middle English: tag
      • English: tag
      • Scots: tag
• Old Dutch: *tak
  • Middle Dutch: tac m
    • Dutch: tak
• → Old French: taque
  • → Middle English: takke
    • English: tack
• Old High German: *zahha
  • Middle High German: zacke, tacke f
    • German: Zacke