Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/swefnaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative reconstructions

*swebnaz

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *swépnos (“sleep”).^[1] Related to *swefaną (“to sleep”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈsweɸ.nɑz/

Noun

*swefnaz m

sleep

Inflection

masculine a-stemDeclension of *swefnaz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*swefnaz	swefnōz, swefnōs
vocative	*swefn	swefnōz, swefnōs
accusative	*swefną	*swefnanz
genitive	swefnas, swifnis	*swefnǫ̂
dative	*swefnai	*swefnamaz
instrumental	*swefnō	*swefnamiz

Synonyms

*slēpaz

Related terms

*swabjaną

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *swefn
- Old English: swefn, swefen
  - Middle English: sweven, swevyn, swevon, swevene, swevne, swheven, squeven, sueven, seven, swene, swefen, suefen, sweoven
    - English: sweven
    - Scots: sweven, swevyn
- Old Saxon: swevan
Old Norse: svefn, sömn — non, Trønder dialect of Old Norwegian
- Icelandic: svefn, svöfn
- Faroese: svøvnur
- Norwegian Nynorsk: svebn, svemn, svevn, svøbn, svømn, sømn, søvn
- Elfdalian: swemmen
- Old Swedish: syfn, sømn
  - Swedish: sömn
- Old Danish: syfn, søfn
  - Danish: søvn
    - Norwegian Bokmål: søvn
- Gutnish: svivn, syvn, svämn, svömn

References

^ Guus Kroonen (2013) “*swefna-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 497-8

[1] Guus Kroonen (2013) “*swefna-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 497-8

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