Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sumpaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Compare *swammaz (“sponge, fungus”); both along with the variant *swambaz may derive from an earlier n-stem *swambô (nom.sg.) ~ *sumppaz (gen.sg.). It is unclear whether both words are of Indo-European origin or wanderworts.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsum.pɑz/

Noun

*sumpaz m

1. fungus, sponge

   Synonym: *swambaz

2. swamp, marsh

   Synonyms: *fanją, *sīką, *strōduz, *swambaz

Inflection

masculine a-stemDeclension of *sumpaz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*sumpaz	*sumpōz, *sumpōs
vocative	*sump	*sumpōz, *sumpōs
accusative	*sumpą	*sumpanz
genitive	*sumpas, *sumpis	*sumpǫ̂
dative	*sumpai	*sumpamaz
instrumental	*sumpō	*sumpamiz

Related terms

• *swambaz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *sump
  • Old English: *sump
    • Middle English: sumpe (possibly, attested 1240)
  • Old Frisian: *sump
    • Saterland Frisian: Sump
    • West Frisian: sompe, somp
  • Old Saxon: *sump
    • Middle Low German: sump
      • German Low German: Sump
      • Plautdietsch: Somp
      • → Norwegian: sump
  • Old Dutch: *sump
    • Middle Dutch: sump, somp
      • Dutch: zomp
      • → Middle English: (or from Middle Low German) sompe; swamp (a blend of sompe and swam)
        • English: sump; swamp (see there for further descendants)
  • Old High German: *sumpf
    • Middle High German: sumpf
      • Czech: žumpa
      • German: Sumpf
        • → Swedish: sump
          • → Finnish: sumppu
      • Polish: żąp
• Old Norse: soppr