Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skelduz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From pre-Germanic *skelH-tús, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelH- (“to split”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈskel.duz/

Noun

*skelduz m

1. shield

Inflection

u-stemDeclension of *skelduz (u-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*skelduz	*skildiwiz
vocative	*skeldu	*skildiwiz
accusative	*skeldų	*skeldunz
genitive	*skeldauz	*skildiwǫ̂
dative	*skildiwi	*skeldumaz
instrumental	*skeldū	*skeldumiz

Derived terms

• *skeldlingaz (“coin, shilling”)
• *skelduburgz
• *skildijaną
• *Skelduz
  • *Skeldungōz (“Scyldings; legendary Danish royal dynasty”)

Related terms

• *skiljaną

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *skeldu
  • Old English: sċield, sċeld — Anglian, Kentish, sċild, sċyld
    • Middle English: scheld, sheld, shild, shelde
      • Scots: scheld, scheild
      • English: shield
  • Old Frisian: skeld, skild, schild
    • North Frisian: skilt
    • Saterland Frisian: Skild, Schild
    • West Frisian: skyld
  • Old Saxon: skild, skeld
    • Middle Low German: schilt
      • German Low German: Schild
      • Plautdietsch: Schilt
  • Old Dutch: skilt
    • Middle Dutch: schilt
      • Dutch: schild
        • Afrikaans: skild
      • Limburgish: sjèldj, sjildj
  • Old High German: skild, skilt
    • Middle High German: schilt
      • Bavarian: Schüd, Schuid, Schüld
      • German: Schild
        • → Esperanto: ŝildo
          • → Ido: shildo
      • Luxembourgish: Schëld
      • Yiddish: שילד (shild)
• Old Norse: skjǫldr
  • Icelandic: skjöldur
  • Faroese: skjøldur
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: skjold m or n; (dialectal) skjøld m or n
  • Elfdalian: stjöld
  • Old Swedish: skiolder, skiølder
    • Swedish: sköld
  • Old Danish: skiold
    • Danish: skjold
      • Norwegian Bokmål: skjold n
  • Gutnish: skiåld
  • → Latin: Skioldus, Skyoldus (Saxo Grammaticus)
• Gothic: 𐍃𐌺𐌹𐌻𐌳𐌿𐍃 (skildus)

Further reading

• Guus Kroonen (2013) “*skeldu-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 442