Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/missaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *mith₂-tó-s, from Proto-Indo-European *meyth₂- (“to change, exchange”). Equivalent to *mīþaną (“to avoid, evade”) +‎ *-þaz.

Adjective

*missaz

1. wrong
2. divergent

Inflection

Declension of *missaz (a-stem)

Strong declension
Case	Masculine		Feminine		Neuter
	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*missaz	*missai	*missō	*missôz	*missą, -atō	*missō
Accusative	*missanǭ	*missanz	*missǭ	*missōz	*missą, -atō	*missō
Genitive	*missas, -is	*missaizǫ̂	*missaizōz	*missaizǫ̂	*missas, -is	*missaizǫ̂
Dative	*missammai	*missaimaz	*missaizōi	*missaimaz	*missammai	*missaimaz
Instrumental	*missanō	*missaimiz	*missaizō	*missaimiz	*missanō	*missaimiz
Weak declension
Case	Masculine		Feminine		Neuter
	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*missô	*missaniz	*missǭ	*missōniz	*missô	*missōnō
Accusative	*missanų	*missanunz	*missōnų	*missōnunz	*missô	*missōnō
Genitive	*missiniz	*missanǫ̂	*missōniz	*missōnǫ̂	*missiniz	*missanǫ̂
Dative	*missini	*missammaz	*missōni	*missōmaz	*missini	*missammaz
Instrumental	*missinē	*missammiz	*missōnē	*missōmiz	*missinē	*missammiz

Derived terms

• *missalīkaz
• *missa-
• *missijaną

Related terms

• *miss-

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *miss(ī)
  • Old Dutch: *mis
    • Middle Dutch: mis, mes (“wrong”)
      • Dutch: mis (“missed, off target”)
        • Afrikaans: mis
  • Old High German: missi (“different”)
    • Middle High German: mis
      • German: mis (dialectal)
• Old Norse: miss (“wrong”)
  • ⇒? Old Norse: ýmiss (“various”) (with unclear ý-)
• Gothic: *𐌼𐌹𐍃𐍃 (*miss)
  • ⇒ Gothic: 𐌼𐌹𐍃𐍃𐍉 (missō, “each other, reciprocally”)