Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kīþą

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

• *kīþiz
• *kīþaz
• (possibly) *kīþô, *kittaz

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ǵéyH-ti- or similar, from the root *ǵey(H)- (“to split open, sprout”), with some variation on the suffix. Related to Proto-Germanic *kīnaną (“to split open, germinate, sprout”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkiː.θɑ̃/

Noun

*kīþą n

1. (West Germanic) seed, germ; seedling, shoot, sprout

Inflection

neuter a-stemDeclension of *kīþą (neuter a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*kīþą	*kīþō
vocative	*kīþą	*kīþō
accusative	*kīþą	*kīþō
genitive	*kīþas, *kīþis	*kīþǫ̂
dative	*kīþai	*kīþamaz
instrumental	*kīþō	*kīþamiz

Related terms

• *kīmô
• *kīnaną

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *kīþ; *kīþī; *kīþō
  • Old English: ċīþ, ċȳþ
    • Middle English: chithe, chide, chive, chis, chire, *chitte, *chit
      • English: chit, chive
        • ⇒ English: chism
      • Scots: chit
  • Old Saxon: *kīth (attested in genitive plural kītho and dative plural kīthun)
  • Old Dutch: *kīthi
    • Middle Dutch: *kijde, kiede
    • →⇒ Old French: cion, ciun, sion (or directly from earlier Frankish *kīþō)
      • Middle French: sion
        • French: scion
      • Picard: chion
      • → Middle English: sioun, cioun, ciun, cyun, scion, scioun, sion, siun, syon, syoun
        • English: scion
  • Old High German: *chīdi, *kīdi; *kīd
    • Middle High German: kīde, kīt
      • German: Keid (dialectal)
      • ⇒ Alemannic German: chiide