Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/habilaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

• *hafilaz

Etymology

From *habjaną +‎ *-ilaz.

Noun

*habilaz m

1. That which raises or lifts; lifter.

Inflection

masculine a-stemDeclension of *habilaz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*habilaz	*habilōz, *habilōs
vocative	*habil	*habilōz, *habilōs
accusative	*habilą	*habilanz
genitive	*habilas, *habilis	*habilǫ̂
dative	*habilai	*habilamaz
instrumental	*habilō	*habilamiz

Related terms

• *habadlaz

Descendants

Note: Some descendants of this word were conflated with the descendant of *habadlaz (“lifter”), of similar form and meaning.

• Proto-West Germanic: *habil
  • Old English: hebel, hefel (in hefelþrǣd); (hefeld?)
    • Middle English: hefel, hevel, heveld, held
      • English: heavel, havel
  • Old Saxon: *hevil; (hebild)
    • Middle Low German: hevel (in hevelgarn); (hevelte?)
      • German Low German: Hevel
      • → Saterland Frisian: Heeuwelte
  • Old Dutch: *hevilo
    • Middle Dutch: hevel (in heveldeech)
      • Dutch: hevel (possibly a reborrowing from German)
  • Old High German: *hebil, *hefil, *hevil; *hebila, *hevila
    • Middle High German: hebel, hevel, hefel
      • Cimbrian: höbel
      • German: Hebel
      • → German Low German: Hebel
• Old Norse: hefill
  • Icelandic: hefill
  • Norn: hevel
  • Norwegian: hevel
  • Swedish: hävel (dialectal, partly)
  • → Scots: hevel
  • ⇒ Scots: hivvle (verb)

References

• Ásgeir Blöndal Magnússon (1989) Íslensk orðsifjabók, Reykjavík: Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies, →ISBN (Available at Málið.is under the “Eldri orðabækur” tab.)