Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/eburaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

• *efuraz

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁ep-r-. Indo-European cognates include Latin aper, Proto-Slavic *veprь.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈe.βu.rɑz/

Noun

*eburaz m

1. boar

Inflection

masculine a-stemDeclension of *eburaz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*eburaz	*eburōz, *eburōs
vocative	*ebur	*eburōz, *eburōs
accusative	*eburą	*eburanz
genitive	*eburas, *eburis	*eburǫ̂
dative	*eburai	*eburamaz
instrumental	*eburō	*eburamiz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *ebur
  • Old English: eofor, eafor, efor
    • Middle English: ēver
  • Old Saxon: ebur
  • Old Dutch: *evur
    • Middle Dutch: ēver
      • Dutch: ever
  • Old High German: ebur
    • Middle High German: ëber
      • German: Eber
      • Hunsrik: Ewert
• Old Norse: jǫfurr
  • Icelandic: jöfur
  • → Swedish: jofur

References

• Peter Schrijver, Language Contact and the Origins of the Germanic Languages (2013, →ISBN

  *eburaz 'boar'

• Albertas Steponavičius, Diachronic Linguistics and Etymology (2006), page 111:

  Etymologies of the names for 'wild boar'

  The cognates of individual Germanic languages point unambiguously to a common Germanic name for 'boar'. Gmc *efuraz 'boar': OE eofar 'boar', OHG ebur, ModG Eber, ON jǫfurr 'prince, ruler', Icel. jöfur 'nobleman, ruler' ('the one who decorates his helm with the image of the boat^[sic] as a sign of nobility and power').