Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/dūbǭ

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ- (“to whisk; smoke; make obscure”). According to Kroonen, derived from Proto-Germanic *dūbaną (“to dive; to sink”), likely referring to the dove's characteristic divebombing flight.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈduː.βɔ̃ː/

Noun

*dūbǭ f

1. dove, pigeon

Inflection

ōn-stemDeclension of *dūbǭ (ōn-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*dūbǭ	*dūbōniz
vocative	*dūbǭ	*dūbōniz
accusative	*dūbōnų	*dūbōnunz
genitive	*dūbōniz	*dūbōnǫ̂
dative	*dūbōni	*dūbōmaz
instrumental	*dūbōnē	*dūbōmiz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *dūbā
  • Old English: *dūfe
    • Middle English: douve, dove, duve, dowve, dowe, doufe, douf
      • English: dove
      • Scots: doo, dow
  • Old Frisian: *dūve, *dūe
    • Saterland Frisian: Dúve
    • West Frisian: do
  • Old Saxon: dūva
    • Middle Low German: dūve
      • Low German:
        • German Low German: Duuv, Duve, Duuf, Duuw, Düüv, Düüw
          • → Kashubian: duwa
        • Dutch Low Saxon: duve, doeve
        • Plautdietsch: Duw, Düw, Duuv, Düüv, Duuw, Düüw, Duv, Düv
      • → Estonian: tuvi
  • Old Dutch: dūva
    • Middle Dutch: duve
      • Dutch: duif
        • Afrikaans: duif
        • Negerhollands: dufje, difi, diffie
        • → Sranan Tongo: doifi
      • Limburgish: doef
  • Old High German: tūba; (West Central German) dūva
    • Middle High German: tūbe, dūve
      • Bavarian: Taubm, Daum, Taubn
      • Alemannic German: Tuub, Duub, Duube, Düüwe, Daup, Taub, Tuube, Tube, Tubo
      • German: Taube
      • Central Franconian: Duuv, Dauv
        • Kirchröadsj: Doef
        • Luxembourgish: Dauf
      • Rhine Franconian: daup, dǫup
        • Pennsylvania German: Daub
      • Swabian: Taub, Daup
      • Vilamovian: tue, taoj
      • Yiddish: טויב (toyb)
• Old Norse: dúfa
  • Icelandic: dúfa
  • Faroese: dúgva, dúva
  • Norwegian Bokmål: due
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: due
  • Old Swedish: dūva
    • Swedish: duva
  • Old Danish: dufæ
    • Danish: due
  • Scanian: dâwwa
• Gothic: *𐌳𐌿𐌱𐍉 (*dubō)