Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/sakna
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This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Cognate with Proto-Samic *suovńē (“pit in the ground”); the original meaning may have been "pit", given that early saunas were dug pits into the ground and a pile of heated rocks (*kiukasa). Possibly a borrowing from early Proto-Germanic *stakna- (later *stakkaz, compare e.g. English stack). LÄGLOS however disputes this.[1]
Noun
[edit]*sakna[2]
Inflection
[edit]Inflection of *sakna
| Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | |||
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *sakna | *saknat | |
| accusative | *saknan | *saknat | |
| genitive | *saknan | *saknadën *saknoidën | |
| partitive | *saknada | *saknoida | |
| inessive | *saknassa *saknahna |
*saknoissa *saknoihna | |
| elative | *saknasta | *saknoista | |
| illative | *saknahën | *saknoihën | |
| adessive | *saknalla | *saknoilla | |
| ablative | *saknalta | *saknoilta | |
| allative | *saknalën *saknalëk |
*saknoilën *saknoilëk | |
| essive | *saknana | *saknoina | |
| translative | *saknaksi | *saknoiksi | |
| instructive | *saknan | *saknoin | |
| comitative | *saknanëk | *saknoinëk | |
| abessive | *saknatta | *saknoitta | |
Descendants
[edit]- Estonian: saun
- Finnish: sauna (see there for further descendants); sakna, saakna (dialectal, southeastern)
- Ingrian: sauna
- Livonian: sōna
- Votic: saunõ
- Võro: sann
References
[edit]- “saun”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words][2] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
- Kallio, Petri. 2008. "The Etymology of Finnish sauna". In Kees Dekker, Alasdair MacDonald & Hermann Niebaum (eds.), Northern Voices: Essays on Old Germanic and Related Topics Offered to Professor Tette Hofstra, pp. 313–319.