Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/runka

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

Probably borrowed from Proto-Germanic *skrunkaz (whence Icelandic skrokkur and Old Norse skrokkr (“torso”)).

Noun

*runka (Northern Finnic)

1. body, torso
2. trunk (of a tree)

Inflection

Inflection of *runka

Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
		singular	plural
nominative		*runka	*rungat
accusative		*rungan	*rungat
genitive		*rungan	*runkadën *runkëidën
partitive		*runkada	*runkëida
inessive		*rungassa *rungahna	*rungëissa *rungëihna
elative		*rungasta	*rungëista
illative		*runkahën	*runkëihën
adessive		*rungalla	*rungëilla
ablative		*rungalta	*rungëilta
allative		*runkalën *runkalëk	*runkëilën *runkëilëk
essive		*runkana	*runkëina
translative		*rungaksi	*rungëiksi
instructive		*rungan	*rungëin
comitative		*runkanëk	*runkëinëk
abessive		*rungatta	*rungëitta

Descendants

• Finnish: ⇒ runko
  • → Inari Sami: ruŋgo
  • → Northern Sami: ruŋgu
• Karelian:
  • North Karelian: runka
  • South Karelian: runga
• Livvi: rungu
• Ludian: rung
• Veps: rung

Further reading

• Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “runko”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words]‎^[2] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN