Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/pilk'at'ak
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This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Verb
[edit]*pilk'at'ak (stem *pilkkada-)
- to mock, to ridicule, to make fun of
Inflection
[edit]Inflection of *pilk'at'ak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *pilkkadan | *pilkkacin | — | *pilk'atkon |
| 2nd sing. | *pilkkadat | *pilkkacit | *pilkkadak | *pilk'atkos |
| 3rd sing. | *pilkkadapi *pilk'at |
*pilkkaci | *pilk'atkasën | *pilk'atkosën |
| 1st plur. | *pilkkadakmëk *pilkkadakmak |
*pilkkacimëk *pilkkacimak |
*pilk'atkatëmëk *pilk'atkatamak |
*pilk'atkotëmëk *pilk'atkotamak |
| 2nd plur. | *pilkkadaktëk *pilkkadaktak |
*pilkkacidëk *pilkkacidak |
*pilk'atkatë *pilk'atkata |
*pilk'atkot'ëk *pilk'atkotadak |
| 3rd plur. | *pilkkadabat *pilk'at |
*pilkkaci | *pilk'atkasën | *pilk'atkosën |
| passive | *pilkkadaksën *pilkkadat'aksën |
*pilk'attisën *pilkkadattihën |
*pilk'attakahën *pilkkadattagasën |
*pilk'attakohën *pilkkadattagosën |
| connegative | *pilkkadak | — | *pilk'atkak | *pilk'atkok |
| passive connegative | *pilkkadaktak | — | *pilk'attagak *pilkkadattagak |
*pilk'attagok *pilkkadattagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *pilkkadakcin | *pilkkacicin | *pilk'annën | |
| 2nd sing. | *pilkkadakcit | *pilkkacicit | *pilk'annët | |
| 3rd sing. | *pilkkadakci | *pilkkacici | *pilk'anni | |
| 1st plur. | *pilkkadakcimëk *pilkkadakcimak |
*pilkkacicimëk *pilkkacicimak |
*pilk'annëmëk *pilk'annëmak | |
| 2nd plur. | *pilkkadakcidëk *pilkkadakcidak |
*pilkkacicidëk *pilkkacicidak |
*pilk'annëdëk *pilk'annëdak | |
| 3rd plur. | *pilkkadakci | *pilkkacici | *pilk'anni | |
| passive | *pilk'at'akcihën *pilkkadat'akcisën |
*pilk'atticihën *pilkkadatticisën |
*pilk'attanëhën *pilkkadattanësën | |
| connegative | *pilkkadakcik | *pilkkacicik | *pilk'annëk | |
| passive connegative | *pilk'at'akcik *pilkkadat'akcik |
*pilk'atticik *pilkkadatticik |
*pilk'attanëk *pilkkadattanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *pilk'at'ak | present | *pilkkadapa | *pilk'attapa *pilkkadattaba |
| infinitive 2 | *pilk'attë- | past | *pilk'annut | *pilk'attu *pilkkadattu |
| gerund/supine | *pilkkadama | |||
| action noun | *pilkkadaminen | |||
Descendants
[edit]- Estonian: pilkama/pilgata
- Finnish: pilkata
- → Northern Sami: bilkidit
- Ingrian: pilkata
- Karelian:
- Livonian: pilkõ, pilktõ
- Võro: pilkama/pilgadaq
- Votic: pilkõtõ
Further reading
[edit]- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “pilkka”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words][1] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN