Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/panka

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

Possibly from Proto-Uralic *paŋka. Alternatively, possibly borrowed from Proto-Germanic *fangą.

Noun

*panka

1. handle, grip

Inflection

Inflection of *panka

Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
		singular	plural
nominative		*panka	*pangat
accusative		*pangan	*pangat
genitive		*pangan	*pankadën *pankoidën
partitive		*pankada	*pankoida
inessive		*pangassa *pangahna	*pangoissa *pangoihna
elative		*pangasta	*pangoista
illative		*pankahën	*pankoihën
adessive		*pangalla	*pangoilla
ablative		*pangalta	*pangoilta
allative		*pankalën *pankalëk	*pankoilën *pankoilëk
essive		*pankana	*pankoina
translative		*pangaksi	*pangoiksi
instructive		*pangan	*pangoin
comitative		*pankanëk	*pankoinëk
abessive		*pangatta	*pangoitta

Descendants

• Estonian: pang
• Finnish: (dialectal) panka
• Ingrian: panka
• Karelian:
  • North Karelian: panka
  • South Karelian: panga
• Livvi: pangu
• Ludian: pang
• Veps: pang
• Võro: pang'
• Votic: (Mati) panka
• →? Proto-Samic: *pāŋkē (see there for further descendants)

Further reading

• “pang”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
• Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “panka”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words]‎^[2] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
• Entry #704 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.