Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kahmat'ak
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This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Sound-symbolic, possibly related to *kamahlo.
Verb
[edit]*kahmat'ak (stem *kahmada-)[1]
Inflection
[edit]Inflection of *kahmat'ak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *kahmadan | *kahmacin | — | *kahmatkon |
| 2nd sing. | *kahmadat | *kahmacit | *kahmadak | *kahmatkos |
| 3rd sing. | *kahmadapi *kahmat |
*kahmaci | *kahmatkasën | *kahmatkosën |
| 1st plur. | *kahmadakmëk *kahmadakmak |
*kahmacimëk *kahmacimak |
*kahmatkatëmëk *kahmatkatamak |
*kahmatkotëmëk *kahmatkotamak |
| 2nd plur. | *kahmadaktëk *kahmadaktak |
*kahmacidëk *kahmacidak |
*kahmatkatë *kahmatkata |
*kahmatkot'ëk *kahmatkotadak |
| 3rd plur. | *kahmadabat *kahmat |
*kahmaci | *kahmatkasën | *kahmatkosën |
| passive | *kahmadaksën *kahmadat'aksën |
*kahmattisën *kahmadattihën |
*kahmattakahën *kahmadattagasën |
*kahmattakohën *kahmadattagosën |
| connegative | *kahmadak | — | *kahmatkak | *kahmatkok |
| passive connegative | *kahmadaktak | — | *kahmattagak *kahmadattagak |
*kahmattagok *kahmadattagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *kahmadakcin | *kahmacicin | *kahmannën | |
| 2nd sing. | *kahmadakcit | *kahmacicit | *kahmannët | |
| 3rd sing. | *kahmadakci | *kahmacici | *kahmanni | |
| 1st plur. | *kahmadakcimëk *kahmadakcimak |
*kahmacicimëk *kahmacicimak |
*kahmannëmëk *kahmannëmak | |
| 2nd plur. | *kahmadakcidëk *kahmadakcidak |
*kahmacicidëk *kahmacicidak |
*kahmannëdëk *kahmannëdak | |
| 3rd plur. | *kahmadakci | *kahmacici | *kahmanni | |
| passive | *kahmat'akcihën *kahmadat'akcisën |
*kahmatticihën *kahmadatticisën |
*kahmattanëhën *kahmadattanësën | |
| connegative | *kahmadakcik | *kahmacicik | *kahmannëk | |
| passive connegative | *kahmat'akcik *kahmadat'akcik |
*kahmatticik *kahmadatticik |
*kahmattanëk *kahmadattanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *kahmat'ak | present | *kahmadapa | *kahmattapa *kahmadattaba |
| infinitive 2 | *kahmattë- | past | *kahmannut | *kahmattu *kahmadattu |
| gerund/supine | *kahmadama | |||
| action noun | *kahmadaminen | |||
Descendants
[edit]- Estonian: kahmama/kahmata
- Finnish: (dialectal) kahmata, ⇒ kahmia
- Karelian:
- South Karelian: kahmata
- Võro: kahmama/kahmadaq
References
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “kahmama”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “kahmata”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words][2] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN