Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/uɸerkrets

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

An *-ets noun from *uɸer- (“over-”) +‎ Proto-Indo-European *ḱreh₁- (“to grow”), literally “overgrowth”; the same root also yielded Latin crēscō (“to grow”).^[1]

Noun

*uɸerkrets m^[1]^[2]

Inflection

Masculine/feminine consonant stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*uɸerkrets	*uɸerkrete	*uɸerkretes
vocative	*uɸerkrets	*uɸerkrete	*uɸerkretes
accusative	*uɸerkretam	*uɸerkrete	*uɸerkretans
genitive	*uɸerkretos	*uɸerkretou	*uɸerkretom
dative	*uɸerkretei	*uɸerkretobom	*uɸerkretobos
locative	*uɸerkreti	—	—
instrumental	*uɸerkrete?	*uɸerkretobim	*uɸerkretobis

Descendants

Proto-Brythonic: *gworgred
- Middle Welsh: gworgret, gorgret
  - Welsh: gwarged, gwargred m (“surplus, remainder”)
Old Irish: forcraid, forcrith f (“excess, superfluity”) (via i-stem extension *uɸorkreti^[1])
- Middle Irish: forcraid

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Weiss, Michael (2012) “Interesting i-stems in Irish”, in Adam I. Cooper, Jeremy Rau and Michael Weiss, editors, Multi Nominis Grammaticus: Studies in Classical and Indo-European linguistics in honor of Alan J. Nussbaum on the occasion of his sixty-fifth birthday, Ann Arbor, New York: Beech Stave Press, page 351
^ Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1995) Studies in British Celtic historical phonology (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 5), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, page 120: “MW gworgret, gorgret, MoW also gwargred, gwarged (m) ’surplus, remainder’ < *u̯or-kret-, cf. OIr. forcraid (f, earlier n?) ’excess, superfluity’”