Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/tigeti

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *(s)teyg- (“to sting”).^[1]^[2]

Verb

*tigeti

to bewitch
to mark

Inflection

Thematic present, suffixless preterite
Active voice
	Present	Imperfect	Future	Preterite
1st singular	*tigū	*tigemam	*titixsū	*titoiga
2nd singular	*tigesi	*tigetās	*titixsesi	*titoigas?
3rd singular	*tigeti	*tigeto	*titixseti	*titoige
1st plural	*tigomosi	*tigemo	*titixsomosi	*titoigmo
2nd plural	*tigetesi	*tigestē	*titixsetesi	*titoixte
3rd plural	*tigonti	*tigento	*titixsonti	*titoigars
	Pres. subjunctive	Past subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	*teixsū	?	—
2nd singular	*teixsesi	?	*tige
3rd singular	*teixseti	?	*tigetou
1st plural	*teixsomosi	?	*tigomos
2nd plural	*teixsetesi	?	*tigete
3rd plural	*teixsonti	?	*tigontou
Passive voice
	Present	Imperfect	Future	Preterite
1st singular	*tigūr	—	*titixsūr	*titoigra
2nd singular	*tigetar	—	*titixsetar	*titoigras?
3rd singular	*tigetor	?	*titixsetor	*titoigre
1st plural	*tigommor	—	*titixsommor	?
2nd plural	*tigedwe	—	*titixsedwe	?
3rd plural	*tigontor	?	*titixsontor	?
	Pres. subjunctive	Past subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	*teixsūr	—	—
2nd singular	*teixsetar	—	—
3rd singular	*teixsetor	—	—
1st plural	*teixsommor	—	—
2nd plural	*teixsedwe	—	—
3rd plural	*teixsontor	—	—

Declension of the present participle
masculine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*tigonts	*tigonte	*tigontes
vocative	*tigonts	*tigonte	*tigontes
accusative	*tigontam	*tigonte	*tigontans
genitive	*tigantos	*?	*tigantom
dative	*tigantei	*tigantbom	*tigantbos
instrumental	*tigantī?	*tigantbim	*tigantbis
feminine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*tigantī	*tigantī	*tigantiyās
vocative	*tigantī	*tigantī	*tigantiyās
accusative	*tigantīm	*tigantī	*tigantiyans
genitive	*tigantyās	*?	*tigantyom
dative	*tigantyāi	*tigantyābom	*tigantyābos
instrumental	*?	*tigantyābim	*tigantyābis
neuter	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*tigont	*?	*tigonta
vocative	*tigont	*?	*tigonta
accusative	*tigont	*?	*tigonta
genitive	*tigantos	*?	*tigantom
dative	*tigantei	*?	*tigantbos
instrumental	*tigantī?	*?	*tigantbis

Declension of the middle participle
masculine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*tigomnos	*tigomnou	*tigomnoi
vocative	*tigomne	*tigomnou	*tigomnoi
accusative	*tigomnom	*tigomnou	*tigomnons
genitive	*tigomnī	*tigomnous	*tigomnom
dative	*tigomnūi	*tigomnobom	*tigomnobos
instrumental	*tigomnū	*tigomnobim	*tigomnobis
feminine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*tigomnā	*tigomnai	*tigomnās
vocative	*tigomnā	*tigomnai	*tigomnās
accusative	*tigomnam	*tigomnai	*tigomnans
genitive	*tigomnās	*tigomnous	*tigomnom
dative	*tigomnai	*tigomnābom	*tigomnābos
instrumental	*?	*tigomnābim	*tigomnābis
neuter	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*tigomnom	*tigomnou	*tigomnā
vocative	*tigomnom	*tigomnou	*tigomnā
accusative	*tigomnom	*tigomnou	*tigomnā
genitive	*tigomnī	*tigomnous	*tigomnom
dative	*tigomnūi	*tigomnobom	*tigomnobos
instrumental	*tigomnū	*tigomnobim	*tigomnobis

Declension of the past participle
masculine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*tixtos	*tixtou	*tixtoi
vocative	*tixte	*tixtou	*tixtoi
accusative	*tixtom	*tixtou	*tixtons
genitive	*tixtī	*tixtous	*tixtom
dative	*tixtūi	*tixtobom	*tixtobos
instrumental	*tixtū	*tixtobim	*tixtobis
feminine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*tixtā	*tixtai	*tixtās
vocative	*tixtā	*tixtai	*tixtās
accusative	*tixtam	*tixtai	*tixtans
genitive	*tixtās	*tixtous	*tixtom
dative	*tixtai	*tixtābom	*tixtābos
instrumental	*?	*tixtābim	*tixtābis
neuter	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*tixtom	*tixtou	*tixtā
vocative	*tixtom	*tixtou	*tixtā
accusative	*tixtom	*tixtou	*tixtā
genitive	*tixtī	*tixtous	*tixtom
dative	*tixtūi	*tixtobom	*tixtobos
instrumental	*tixtū	*tixtobim	*tixtobis

Related terms

*tigus

Descendants

Proto-Brythonic: *tɨɣɨd
- Old Breton: tigom (verbal noun)
Gaulish: tixsintor (3pl. fut. pass.), tigontias (pres. part. gen. sg. f.) (both forms in the Larzac lead tablet)

References

^ Delamarre, Xavier (2003) Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental [Dictionary of the Gaulish language: A linguistic approach to Old Continental Celtic] (Collection des Hespérides; 9), 2nd edition, Éditions Errance, →ISBN, pages 236, 296
^ Fleuriot, Léon, Evans, Claude (1985) “tigom”, in A Dictionary of Old Breton – Dictionnaire du vieux breton: Historical and Comparative (in French), Toronto: Prepcorp, page 313

[1] Delamarre, Xavier (2003) Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental [Dictionary of the Gaulish language: A linguistic approach to Old Continental Celtic] (Collection des Hespérides; 9), 2nd edition, Éditions Errance, →ISBN, pages 236, 296

[2] Fleuriot, Léon, Evans, Claude (1985) “tigom”, in A Dictionary of Old Breton – Dictionnaire du vieux breton: Historical and Comparative (in French), Toronto: Prepcorp, page 313

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[2]