Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/ognos

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

Often connected with Proto-Indo-European *h₂egʷnós (“lamb”) but there are multiple phonetic difficulties.^[1]

The initial *o instead of *a is unexpected. Often, influence from *owis (“sheep”) is cited.
The labiovelar must have been delabialized on the way to Celtic, or else **abnos would have resulted. The delabialization is often assumed to be regular by many scholars without citing another example, while Matasović assumes dissimilation from a byform *owi-gʷnos > *owi-gnos.

Noun

*ognos m^[2]^[3]^[4]^[5]

lamb

Inflection

Masculine o-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ognos	*ognou	*ognoi
vocative	*ogne	*ognou	*ognoi
accusative	*ognom	*ognou	*ognoms
genitive	*ognī	*ognous	*ognom
dative	*ognūi	*ognobom	*ognobos
locative	*ognei	*?	*?
instrumental	*ognū	*ognobim	*ognūis

Alternative reconstructions

*owignos^[1]

Descendants

Proto-Brythonic: *oɣn
- Middle Breton: oen
  - Breton: oan
- Cornish: on
- Middle Welsh: oen
  - Welsh: oen
Old Irish: úan
- Middle Irish: úan
  - Irish: uan
  - Manx: eayn
  - Scottish Gaelic: uan

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*owigno-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 301-302
^ R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “oen”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
^ Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1995) Studies in British Celtic historical phonology (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 5), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, pages 223, 274
^ McCone, Kim (1996) Towards a relative chronology of ancient and medieval Celtic sound change, Maynooth: Dept. of Old Irish, St. Patrick's College, →ISBN, page 122
^ Zair, Nicholas (2012) The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Celtic, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 22

[EDPC-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*owigno-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 301-302

[2] R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “oen”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

[3] Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1995) Studies in British Celtic historical phonology (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 5), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, pages 223, 274

[4] McCone, Kim (1996) Towards a relative chronology of ancient and medieval Celtic sound change, Maynooth: Dept. of Old Irish, St. Patrick's College, →ISBN, page 122

[5] Zair, Nicholas (2012) The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Celtic, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 22

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