Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/kaitos

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

The closest cognate is Proto-Germanic *haiþī; given the *a, Matasović supposes substrate origin.

Noun

*kaitos m

1. woods

   Synonym: *widus

Inflection

Masculine o-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*kaitos	*kaitou	*kaitoi
vocative	*kaite	*kaitou	*kaitoi
accusative	*kaitom	*kaitou	*kaitoms
genitive	*kaitī	*kaitous	*kaitom
dative	*kaitūi	*kaitobom	*kaitobos
locative	*kaitei	*?	*?
instrumental	*kaitū	*kaitobim	*kaitūis

Reconstruction notes

The choice to reconstruct masculine gender for this word is arbitrary on the parts of Schrijver and McCone; it could equally as well be neuter.

• The Gaulish reflexes offer no indication of gender, since they could have been reshaped by the tendency to have neuter settlement names and masculine men's names.
• Brittonic is inconclusive as well, since the word is feminine in Welsh while being masculine in Breton. While the Gaulish combining form *caito- ~ *ceto- exposes the Welsh gender as secondary (a collective?), the neuter was lost in Brittonic with many neuters being reassigned as masculine.

Descendants

• Proto-Brythonic: *koɨd
  • Middle Breton: coat
    • Breton: koad
  • Old Cornish: cuit
    • Middle Cornish: coys
      • Cornish: koos
  • Old Welsh: coit
    • Middle Welsh: coet
      • Welsh: coed
• Gaulish: *caito-, *ceto-
  • →⇒ Latin: Borcetum
    • → German: Burtscheid
  • →⇒ Latin: Cettius, Cetium, Diocetus
• ⇒ Celtiberian: (name of a Lusitanian town)
  • → Ancient Greek: Καιτόβριξ (Kaitóbrix)
  • → Latin: Caitobrix
    • → Arabic: شِطُوبَر (šiṭūbar)
      • → Portuguese: Setúbal