Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/brendeti

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Alternative reconstructions

• *branndeti

Etymology

Only possible cognates in Baltic (such as Lithuanian bręsti (“to ripen”)) have been identified, leading to a possible root *bʰrendʰ- to be reconstructed to cover both the Baltic and Celtic material.

Verb

*brendeti

1. to gush forth, pour out

Inflection

Thematic present, suffixless preterite
Active voice
	Present	Imperfect	Future	Preterite
1st singular	*brendū	*brendemam	*bibrantsū	*bebronda
2nd singular	*brendesi	*brendetās	*bibrantsesi	*bebrondas?
3rd singular	*brendeti	*brendeto	*bibrantseti	*bebronde
1st plural	*brendomosi	*brendemo	*bibrantsomosi	*bebrondmo
2nd plural	*brendetesi	*brendestē	*bibrantsetesi	*bebronsse
3rd plural	*brendonti	*brendento	*bibrantsonti	*bebrondars
	Pres. subjunctive	Past subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	*brentsū	?	—
2nd singular	*brentsesi	?	*brende
3rd singular	*brentseti	?	*brendetou
1st plural	*brentsomosi	?	*brendomos
2nd plural	*brentsetesi	?	*brendete
3rd plural	*brentsonti	?	*brendontou
Passive voice
	Present	Imperfect	Future	Preterite
1st singular	*brendūr	—	*bibrantsūr	*bebrondra
2nd singular	*brendetar	—	*bibrantsetar	*bebrondras?
3rd singular	*brendetor	?	*bibrantsetor	*bebrondre
1st plural	*brendommor	—	*bibrantsommor	?
2nd plural	*brendedwe	—	*bibrantsedwe	?
3rd plural	*brendontor	?	*bibrantsontor	?
	Pres. subjunctive	Past subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	*brentsūr	—	—
2nd singular	*brentsetar	—	—
3rd singular	*brentsetor	—	—
1st plural	*brentsommor	—	—
2nd plural	*brentsedwe	—	—
3rd plural	*brentsontor	—	—

Declension of the present participle
masculine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*brendonts	*brendonte	*brendontes
vocative	*brendonts	*brendonte	*brendontes
accusative	*brendontam	*brendonte	*brendontans
genitive	*brendantos	*?	*brendantom
dative	*brendantei	*brendantbom	*brendantbos
instrumental	*brendantī?	*brendantbim	*brendantbis
feminine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*brendantī	*brendantī	*brendantiyās
vocative	*brendantī	*brendantī	*brendantiyās
accusative	*brendantīm	*brendantī	*brendantiyans
genitive	*brendantyās	*?	*brendantyom
dative	*brendantyāi	*brendantyābom	*brendantyābos
instrumental	*?	*brendantyābim	*brendantyābis
neuter	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*brendont	*?	*brendonta
vocative	*brendont	*?	*brendonta
accusative	*brendont	*?	*brendonta
genitive	*brendantos	*?	*brendantom
dative	*brendantei	*?	*brendantbos
instrumental	*brendantī?	*?	*brendantbis

Declension of the middle participle
masculine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*brendomnos	*brendomnou	*brendomnoi
vocative	*brendomne	*brendomnou	*brendomnoi
accusative	*brendomnom	*brendomnou	*brendomnons
genitive	*brendomnī	*brendomnous	*brendomnom
dative	*brendomnūi	*brendomnobom	*brendomnobos
instrumental	*brendomnū	*brendomnobim	*brendomnobis
feminine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*brendomnā	*brendomnai	*brendomnās
vocative	*brendomnā	*brendomnai	*brendomnās
accusative	*brendomnam	*brendomnai	*brendomnans
genitive	*brendomnās	*brendomnous	*brendomnom
dative	*brendomnai	*brendomnābom	*brendomnābos
instrumental	*?	*brendomnābim	*brendomnābis
neuter	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*brendomnom	*brendomnou	*brendomnā
vocative	*brendomnom	*brendomnou	*brendomnā
accusative	*brendomnom	*brendomnou	*brendomnā
genitive	*brendomnī	*brendomnous	*brendomnom
dative	*brendomnūi	*brendomnobom	*brendomnobos
instrumental	*brendomnū	*brendomnobim	*brendomnobis

Derived terms

• *brondīti
  • Middle Irish: bruinnid
  • ⇒ Old Irish: do·bruinn (present stem)
• *to-exs-brendeti
  • Old Irish: do·eprinn
• *to-brendeti
  • Old Irish: do·bruinn (non-present stems)