Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/ɸarnati

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *perh₃-. The future stem is from reduplicated *pi-pr̥h₃-; the change of -ɸr- to -br- in Proto-Celtic is phonologically regular.

Verb

*ɸarnati

1. to grant, to bestow

Inflection

Nasal-infix athematic present with stem ablaut to an h₃-final root, root aorist
Active voice
	Present	Imperfect	Future	Preterite
1st singular	*ɸarnāmi	*ɸarnamam	*ɸibrāsū	*ɸīram
2nd singular	*ɸarnāsi	*ɸarnatās	*ɸibrāsesi	*ɸīras
3rd singular	*ɸarnāti	*ɸarnato	*ɸibrāseti	*ɸīrat
1st plural	*ɸarnamosi	*ɸarnamo	*ɸibrāsomosi	*ɸīrame
2nd plural	*ɸarnatesi	*ɸarnastē	*ɸibrāsetesi	*ɸīrate
3rd plural	*ɸarnonti	*ɸarnanto	*ɸibrāsonti	*ɸīrant
	Pres. subjunctive	Past subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	*ɸerasū	?	—
2nd singular	*ɸerasesi	?	*ɸarnā
3rd singular	*ɸeraseti	?	*ɸarnātou
1st plural	*ɸerasomosi	?	*ɸarnamos
2nd plural	*ɸerasetesi	?	*ɸarnate
3rd plural	*ɸerasonti	?	*ɸarnontou
Passive voice
	Present	Imperfect	Future	Preterite
1st singular	*ɸarnār	—	*ɸibrāsūr	—
2nd singular	*ɸarnātar	—	*ɸibrāsetar	—
3rd singular	*ɸarnātor	?	*ɸibrāsetor	—
1st plural	*ɸarnammor	—	*ɸibrāsommor	—
2nd plural	*ɸarnadwe	—	*ɸibrāsedwe	—
3rd plural	*ɸarnontor	?	*ɸibrāsontor	—
	Pres. subjunctive	Past subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	*ɸerasūr	—	—
2nd singular	*ɸerasetar	—	—
3rd singular	*ɸerasetor	—	—
1st plural	*ɸerasommor	—	—
2nd plural	*ɸerasedwe	—	—
3rd plural	*ɸerasontor	—	—

Declension of the present participle
masculine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ɸarnonts	*ɸarnonte	*ɸarnontes
vocative	*ɸarnonts	*ɸarnonte	*ɸarnontes
accusative	*ɸarnontam	*ɸarnonte	*ɸarnontans
genitive	*ɸarnantos	*?	*ɸarnantom
dative	*ɸarnantei	*ɸarnantbom	*ɸarnantbos
instrumental	*ɸarnantī?	*ɸarnantbim	*ɸarnantbis
feminine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ɸarnantī	*ɸarnantī	*ɸarnantiyās
vocative	*ɸarnantī	*ɸarnantī	*ɸarnantiyās
accusative	*ɸarnantīm	*ɸarnantī	*ɸarnantiyans
genitive	*ɸarnantyās	*?	*ɸarnantyom
dative	*ɸarnantyāi	*ɸarnantyābom	*ɸarnantyābos
instrumental	*?	*ɸarnantyābim	*ɸarnantyābis
neuter	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ɸarnont	*?	*ɸarnonta
vocative	*ɸarnont	*?	*ɸarnonta
accusative	*ɸarnont	*?	*ɸarnonta
genitive	*ɸarnantos	*?	*ɸarnantom
dative	*ɸarnantei	*?	*ɸarnantbos
instrumental	*ɸarnantī?	*?	*ɸarnantbis

Declension of the past participle
masculine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ɸratos	*ɸratou	*ɸratoi
vocative	*ɸrate	*ɸratou	*ɸratoi
accusative	*ɸratom	*ɸratou	*ɸratons
genitive	*ɸratī	*ɸratous	*ɸratom
dative	*ɸratūi	*ɸratobom	*ɸratobos
instrumental	*ɸratū	*ɸratobim	*ɸratobis
feminine	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ɸratā	*ɸratai	*ɸratās
vocative	*ɸratā	*ɸratai	*ɸratās
accusative	*ɸratam	*ɸratai	*ɸratans
genitive	*ɸratās	*ɸratous	*ɸratom
dative	*ɸratai	*ɸratābom	*ɸratābos
instrumental	*?	*ɸratābim	*ɸratābis
neuter	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*ɸratom	*ɸratou	*ɸratā
vocative	*ɸratom	*ɸratou	*ɸratā
accusative	*ɸratom	*ɸratou	*ɸratā
genitive	*ɸratī	*ɸratous	*ɸratom
dative	*ɸratūi	*ɸratobom	*ɸratobos
instrumental	*ɸratū	*ɸratobim	*ɸratobis

Related terms

• *ɸratom

Descendants

• Old Irish: ernaid

References

• Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*far-na-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 122