Reconstruction:Proto-Bantu/-ncè

This Proto-Bantu entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Bantu

Reconstruction

Descendant languages show either a vowel /o/ or /e/ before the stem, which comes from the pronominal stem.^[1]

Determiner

*-ncè^[2]

all

Descendants

From *-ncè:

Chichewa: -nse
Herero: -he
Shona: -se
Southern Bantu:
- Chopi: -tshe
- Sotho-Tswana:
  - Northern Sotho: -hle
  - Sotho: -hle
  - Tswana: -tlhe
- Venda: -ṱhe

From *-cè:

Rwanda-Rundi: -se

From *-cɪ̀:

Ndali: -shi

From *-tè:

Swahili: -ote

From *jónà:

Tooro: -ona

References

^ Meeussen, A. E. (1973). Comparative Bantu: Test cases for method. African Language Studies, 14, 6–18.
^ Entry 500 at Bantu Lexical Reconstructions 3

[1] Meeussen, A. E. (1973). Comparative Bantu: Test cases for method. African Language Studies, 14, 6–18.

[2] Entry 500 at Bantu Lexical Reconstructions 3

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[2]