Reconstruction:Old Ruthenian/ишакъ

This Old Ruthenian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

This Old Ruthenian entry contains original research. The reconstruction in this entry is based on published research, but the specific form presented here is not found in prior works.

Old Ruthenian

Etymology

Late borrowing from Middle Russian иша́къ (išák), ише́къ (išék), attested in 1567 and 1623, whence Russian иша́к (išák). Further borrowed from Turkic languages, probably from Kipchak (compare Tatar ишәк (işäk), Bashkir ишәк (işək), Karaim эшэк (ešek), Crimean Tatar eşek, also Ottoman Turkish اشك (eşek), Turkish eşek, Azerbaijani eşşək)^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4],^[5] ultimately from Proto-Turkic *eĺčgek, which may be related to Proto-Tungusic *eyiken and Proto-Mongolic *elǰigen.

Noun

*ишакъ • (*išak) m animal

donkey, ass
Synonym: осе́лъ (osél)

Descendants

Belarusian: іша́к (išák)
Ukrainian: іша́к (išák)

References

^ Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1985), “ішак”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 2 (Д – Копці), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 321
^ Rudnyc'kyj, Ja. (1972–1982) “іша́к”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language, volumes 2 (Д – Ь), Ottawa: Ukrainian Mohylo-Mazepian Academy of Sciences; Ukrainian Language Association, →LCCN, page 563
^ Martynaŭ, V. U., editor (1985), “іша́к”, in Этымалагічны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Etymological Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), volumes 3 (га! – інчэ́), Minsk: Navuka i technika, page 407
^ Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “иша́к”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 361
^ Vasmer, Max (1967) “иша́к”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volumes 2 (Е – Муж), Moscow: Progress, page 146

[1] Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1985), “ішак”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 2 (Д – Копці), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 321

[2] Rudnyc'kyj, Ja. (1972–1982) “іша́к”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language, volumes 2 (Д – Ь), Ottawa: Ukrainian Mohylo-Mazepian Academy of Sciences; Ukrainian Language Association, →LCCN, page 563

[3] Martynaŭ, V. U., editor (1985), “іша́к”, in Этымалагічны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Etymological Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), volumes 3 (га! – інчэ́), Minsk: Navuka i technika, page 407

[4] Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “иша́к”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 361

[5] Vasmer, Max (1967) “иша́к”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volumes 2 (Е – Муж), Moscow: Progress, page 146

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