Reconstruction:Latin/fendo

This Latin entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Latin

Etymology

Unattested verb only found in compounds (see derived terms below), from Proto-Italic *fendō, from earlier *xʷendō, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰén-dʰh₁e-ti, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰen- (“to strike, kill”).

Cognate with Ancient Greek θείνω (theínō, “to strike”), Albanian gjuaj, Sanskrit हन्ति (hánti).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈfen.doː/, [ˈfɛn̪d̪oː]

Verb

*fendō (present infinitive *fendere, perfect active *fendī, supine *fēnsum); third conjugation

1. to hit
2. to thrust

Inflection

   Conjugation of *fendō (third conjugation)

indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	*fendō	*fendis	*fendit	*fendimus	*fenditis	*fendunt
	imperfect	*fendēbam	*fendēbās	*fendēbat	*fendēbāmus	*fendēbātis	*fendēbant
	future	*fendam	*fendēs	*fendet	*fendēmus	*fendētis	*fendent
	perfect	*fendī	*fendistī	*fendit	*fendimus	*fendistis	*fendērunt, *fendēre
	pluperfect	*fenderam	*fenderās	*fenderat	*fenderāmus	*fenderātis	*fenderant
	future perfect	*fenderō	*fenderis	*fenderit	*fenderimus	*fenderitis	*fenderint
passive	present	*fendor	*fenderis, *fendere	*fenditur	*fendimur	*fendiminī	*fenduntur
	imperfect	*fendēbar	*fendēbāris, *fendēbāre	*fendēbātur	*fendēbāmur	*fendēbāminī	*fendēbantur
	future	*fendar	*fendēris, *fendēre	*fendētur	*fendēmur	*fendēminī	*fendentur
	perfect	*fēnsus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	*fēnsus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	*fēnsus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	*fendam	*fendās	*fendat	*fendāmus	*fendātis	*fendant
imperfect	*fenderem	*fenderēs	*fenderet	*fenderēmus	*fenderētis	*fenderent
perfect	*fenderim	*fenderīs	*fenderit	*fenderīmus	*fenderītis	*fenderint
pluperfect	*fendissem	*fendissēs	*fendisset	*fendissēmus	*fendissētis	*fendissent
passive	present	*fendar	*fendāris, *fendāre	*fendātur	*fendāmur	*fendāminī	*fendantur
imperfect	*fenderer	*fenderēris, *fenderēre	*fenderētur	*fenderēmur	*fenderēminī	*fenderentur
perfect	*fēnsus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect	*fēnsus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	*fende	—	—	*fendite	—
	future	—	*fenditō	*fenditō	—	*fenditōte	*fenduntō
passive	present	—	*fendere	—	—	*fendiminī	—
	future	—	*fenditor	*fenditor	—	—	*fenduntor
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		*fendere	*fendisse	*fēnsūrum esse	*fendī	*fēnsum esse	*fēnsum īrī
participles		*fendēns	—	*fēnsūrus	—	*fēnsus	*fendendus, *fendundus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		*fendendī	*fendendō	*fendendum	*fendendō	*fēnsum	*fēnsū

Derived terms

• dēfendō
• īnfēnsus
• offendō

 

References

• “fendo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press