-- tests at [[Module talk:User:Sarri.greek/grk-stems]]
--[=[
-- Explanations, at bottom of this page.
-- See everything veryyyy big, zoom your browser 200% or see at [[wikt:en:User:Sarri.greek/fonts#big]]
-- check codes at [[wikt:en:Module:grc-utilities]] & [[wikt:en:Module:grc-utilities/data]]
INSTRUCTIONS
Load this module using require(), not using mw.loadData().
USE e.g.: local m_data = require("Module:XXX/data")
IF: local module_path = 'Module:Yyyy'
USE: local m_data = require(module_path .."/data")
DO NOT USE: local m_data = mw.loadData("XXX")
HOW to call it:
m_data.xxxxxx e.g. m_data.unaccented_to_accented
CONTENTS
a) simple sequences
b) conversions
accented_to_unaccented // unaccented_to_oxia // perispomeni_to_oxia // oxia_to_perispomeni
c) diphthongs and digraphs (2-vowel-sequences)
digraphs // digraphs_accent_back // digraphs_accented_to_unaccented
PROBLEMS SOLVED
UNORTHODOX characters: They exist only in some old editions, where whole words are in capitals, retaining their diacritics
= Principle: when you do not use unicode at one part, then do not use unicode to the other part either
= write those at a .txt, show it at .htm and copypaste
* CAPITAL+diaeresis+tonos.
= copy the capital.with.diaersis (as one character) & copy next to it the invisible tonos
= the tonos unicodes are invisible
Example: IOTA.with.diaeresis+tonos as Ϊ + the invisible oxeia - ◌́ (U+0301)
* CAPITAL+prosdiegrammeno iota+tonos
Example Άͅ ALPHA.prosdiegrammene+tonos as ᾼ + the invisible oxia (U+030 & # x 0 3 0 1 ;) write at .txt, show it at .htm and copy
PROBLEMS cf ??
* FORBID all family-fonts that present the accent tonos or oxia as a small vertical line. E.g. Verdana.
in case a reader has a personal css with such a font. Can this be controlled?
* Do it with that U? unicode? Show how it is written.
* For dichronon_oxia I do not know how to write all prosodies.
]=]--
local export = {}
-- NEED: FORBID all family-fonts that present the accent tonos or oxia as a small vertical line.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- a) SIMPLE SEQUENCES --
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
--?? DO i need all UNORTHODOX in here? bahh
-- vowel+perispomeni (circumflex)
-- These are always macra (macron), no need for prosody marks
-- see big [[wikt:en:User:Sarri.greek/fonts#vowel+perispomeni]]
export.vowel_perispomeni = '[ᾶᾷἆᾆἇᾇῆῇἦᾖἧᾗῖἶἷῗῦὖὗῧῶῷὦᾦὧᾧἎᾎἏᾏἮᾞἯᾟἾἿὟὮᾮὯᾯ]'
-- brachy(short)+oxia (oxia [[acute]], or baria [[grave]] all these accents called tonos
-- There are no prosody marks.
export.brachy_oxia = '[έὲἔἒἕἓόὸὄὂὅὃΈῈἜἚἝἛΌῸὌὊὍὋ]'
-- macron(long)+oxia (oxia [[acute]], or baria [[grave]] all these accents called tonos
-- There are no prosody marks.
export.macron_oxia = '[ήῄὴῂἤᾔἢᾒἥᾕἣᾓώῴὼῲὤᾤὢᾢὥᾥὣᾣΉῊἬᾜἪᾚᾚἭᾝἫᾛῺὬᾬὪᾪὭᾭὫᾫ]'
-- diphthong (2 vowels together) + any tonos (okseia, bareia, perispomene)
-- NOT dialytics ΐῒῗΰῢῧ
-- These are always macra (macron), no need for prosody marks
export.diphthong_tonos = '[αΑεΕηΗοΟ][ίὶῖἴἲἶἵἳἷΊῚἼἺἾἽἻἿύὺῦὔὒὖὑὕὓὗΎῪὝὛὟ]'
-- ΝΟΤ ALL of them [ίὶῖἰἴἲἶἱἵἳἷϊΐῒῗῐῑΙΊῚἸἼἺἾἹἽἻἿῙῘυύὺῦὐὔὒὖὑὕὓὗϋΰῢῧῠῡΥΎῪὙὝὛὟῩῨ]') --
-- ?? Do I NEED to write IN the function the ones with prosodies?
--[=[
-- The 3 ambiguous dichrona (dichronon = with 2 possible prosodies) are α ι υ
-- Here, we also need the characters with BOTH PROSODIES
short alpha+tonos ᾰ̓́ - Ᾰ̓́ - ᾰ̔́ - Ᾰ̔́ iota upsilon copypaste from a .txt
long alpha+tonos .. iota upsilon copypaste from a .txt
]=]--
-- dichronon+oxia (oxia [[acute]], or baria [[grave]] all these accents called tonos
export.dichr_oxia = '[άᾴὰᾲἄᾄἂᾂἅᾅἃᾃίὶἴἲἵἳΐῒύὺὔὒὕὓΰῢΆᾺἌᾌἊᾊᾊἍᾍἋᾋΊῚἼἺἽἻΎῪὝὛ]'
-- all vowels+oxia or baria, or perispomeni (any kind of tonos accent)
export.tonos = '[ᾶᾷἆᾆἇᾇῆῇἦᾖἧᾗῖἶἷῗῦὖὗῧῶῷὦᾦὧᾧἎᾎἏᾏἮᾞἯᾟἾἿὟὮᾮὯᾯέὲἔἒἕἓόὸὄὂὅὃΈῈἜἚἝἛΌῸὌὊὍὋήῄὴῂἤᾔἢᾒἥᾕἣᾓώῴὼῲὤᾤὢᾢὥᾥὣᾣΉῊἬᾜἪᾚᾚἭᾝἫᾛῺὬᾬὪᾪὭᾭὫᾫάᾴὰᾲἄᾄἂᾂἅᾅἃᾃίὶἴἲἵἳΐῒύὺὔὒὕὓΰῢΆᾺἌᾌἊᾊᾊἍᾍἋᾋΊῚἼἺἽἻΎῪὝὛ]'
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- b) CONVERSIONS (change the characters) --
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- to see them, zoom in 170% or 200%
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- ? please write notes for unicodes or whatever code too
-- remove accent from accented
export.accented_to_unaccented = {
-- alpha ambiguous dichrononon -- do I need +prosodies here?
-- α no spirits
['ά'] = 'α',
['Ά'] = 'Α',
['ᾴ'] = 'ᾳ',
['Άͅ'] = 'ᾼ', -- UNORTHODOX write ALPHA.with.iota + invisible unicode tonos at .txt, show it at .htm and copypaste
['ᾶ'] = 'α',
-- ?? ALPHA + persipomeni -- UNORTHODOX
['ᾷ'] = 'ᾳ',
-- ?? ALPHA.with.i + perisopomeni -- UNORTHODOX
-- with psile
['ἄ'] = 'ἀ', ['Ἄ'] = 'Ἀ', ['ᾄ'] = 'ᾀ', ['ᾌ'] = 'ᾈ',
['ἆ'] = 'ἀ', ['Ἆ'] = 'Ἀ', ['ᾆ'] = 'ᾀ', ['ᾎ'] = 'ᾈ',
-- with dasia
['ἅ'] = 'ἁ', ['Ἅ'] = 'Ἁ', ['ᾅ'] = 'ᾁ', ['ᾍ'] = 'ᾉ',
['ἇ'] = 'ἁ', ['Ἇ'] = 'Ἁ', ['ᾇ'] = 'ᾁ', ['ᾏ'] = 'ᾉ',
-- ε epsilon (always brachy = short = never persipomene circumflex)
['έ'] = 'ε', ['Έ'] = 'Ε', ['ἔ'] = 'ἐ', ['Ἔ'] = 'Ἐ', ['ἕ'] = 'ἑ', ['Ἕ'] = 'Ἑ',
-- η eta (always marcon = long)
['ή'] = 'η', ['Ή'] = 'Η',
['ῄ'] = 'ῃ',
-- ?? ETA.with.i + oxia -- UNORTHODOX
['ῆ'] = 'η',
-- ?? ETA + persipomeni -- UNORTHODOX
['ῇ'] = 'ῃ',
-- ?? ETA.with.i + perisopomeni -- UNORTHODOX
-- with psile
['ἤ'] = 'ἠ', ['Ἤ'] = 'Ἠ', ['ᾔ'] = 'ᾐ', ['ᾜ'] = 'ᾘ',
['ἦ'] = 'ἠ', ['Ἦ'] = 'Ἠ', ['ᾖ'] = 'ᾐ', ['ᾞ'] = 'ᾘ',
-- with dasia
['ἥ'] = 'ἡ', ['Ἥ'] = 'Ἡ', ['ᾕ'] = 'ᾑ', ['Ἥ'] = 'Ἡ',
['ἧ'] = 'ἡ', ['Ἧ'] = 'Ἡ', ['ᾗ'] = 'ᾑ', ['Ἧ'] = 'Ἡ',
-- iota ambiguous dichrononon -- do I need +prosodies here?
-- ι no spirits -- possible diaeresis (dialytics)
['ί'] = 'ι', ['Ί'] = 'Ι',
['ΐ'] = 'ϊ',
-- IOTA+dialytics+tonos -- UNORTHODOX
-- https://www.compart.com/en/unicode/U+0390 decomposed as Ι (U+0399) - ◌̈ (U+0308) - ◌́ (U+0301)
-- 1.FAILED write this at .txt, show at .htm and copy: Ϊ́
-- 2.FAILED write this at .txt, show at .thm and copy: Ϊ́ which is= Ϊ (IOTA.diaeresis) + (U+0308) - ◌́ (U+0301)
-- 3.YES copypaste IOTAwithdialytics+ copypaste invisible tonos Ϊ́ that is Ϊ +
-- = when you do not use unicode at one part, then do not use unicode to the other part either
['Ϊ́'] = 'Ϊ', -- this is 3.
['ῖ'] = 'ι',
-- ?? IOTA + perispomeni -- UNORTHODOX
['ῗ'] = 'ϊ',
-- ?? IOTA.with.dialytics + perispomeni -- UNORTHODOX
-- with psile
-- ?? psile okseia, psile perisp does not convert to IOTA WITH PSILI (U+1F38) in accent shifts
['ἴ'] = 'ἰ',
['Ἴ'] = 'Ἰ', -- ['Ἴ'] = 'Ἰ'
['ἶ'] = 'ἰ',
['Ἶ'] = 'Ἰ', -- ['Ἶ'] = 'Ἰ',
--with dasia
['ἵ'] = 'ἱ',
['Ἵ'] = 'Ἱ',
['ἷ'] = 'ἱ', ['Ἷ'] = 'Ἱ',
-- dialytics ???
-- omicron (always brachy = short = never persipomene circumflex)
['ό'] = 'ο', ['Ό'] = 'Ο', ['ὄ'] = 'ὀ', ['Ὄ'] = 'Ὀ', ['ὅ'] = 'ὁ', ['Ὅ'] = 'Ὁ',
-- upsilon ambiguous dichrononon -- do I need +prosodies here?
-- υ no spirits -- possible diaeresis (dialytics)
['ύ'] = 'υ', ['Ύ'] = 'Υ',
['ΰ'] = 'ϋ',
-- ?? UPSILON.with.diaeresis + oxia -- UNORTHODOX
['ῦ'] = 'υ',
-- ?? UPSILON + perispomeni -- UNORTHODOX
-- ?? UPSILON.with.diaeresis + perispomeni -- UNORTHODOX
-- with psile
['ὔ'] = 'ὐ', ['ὖ'] = 'ὐ',
-- with daseia
['ὕ'] = 'ὑ', ['Ὕ'] = 'Ὑ',
['ὗ'] = 'ὑ', ['Ὗ'] = 'Ὑ',
-- ω omega (always marcon = long)
['ώ'] = 'ω', ['Ώ'] = 'Ω',
['ῴ'] = 'ῳ',
-- ?? OMEGA.with.i + oxeia -- UNORTHODOX
['ῶ'] = 'ω',
['ῷ'] = 'ῳ',
-- with psile
['ὤ'] = 'ὠ', ['Ὤ'] = 'Ὠ', ['ᾤ'] = 'ᾠ', ['ᾬ'] = 'ᾨ',
['ὦ'] = 'ὠ', ['Ὦ'] = 'Ὠ', ['ᾦ'] = 'ᾠ', ['ᾮ'] = 'ᾨ',
-- with daseia
['ὥ'] = 'ὡ', ['Ὥ'] = 'Ὡ', ['ᾥ'] = 'ᾡ', ['ᾭ'] = 'ᾩ',
['ὧ'] = 'ὡ', ['Ὧ'] = 'Ὡ', ['ᾧ'] = 'ᾡ', ['ᾯ'] = 'ᾩ',
}
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- place accent (okseia) on unaccented
-- for unaccented-to-perispomeni circumflex (for polytonic): see oxia_to_perispomene
-- ?? NEED: get more pairs & all UNORTHODOX
export.unaccented_to_oxia = {
-- alpha
['α'] = 'ά',
['Α'] = 'Ά',
['ᾳ'] = 'ᾴ',
['ἀ'] = 'ἄ',
--
['ἁ'] = 'ἅ',
--
-- epsilon
['ε'] = 'έ',
['Ε'] = 'Έ',
['ἐ'] = 'ἔ',
--
['ἑ'] = 'ἕ',
--
-- eta
['η'] = 'ή',
['Η'] = 'Ή',
['ῃ'] = 'ῄ',
--
['ἠ'] = 'ἤ',
--
['ἡ'] = 'ἥ',
--
-- iota
['ι'] = 'ί',
['Ι'] = 'Ί',
['ϊ'] = 'ΐ',
--
['ἰ'] = 'ἴ',
--
['ἱ'] = 'ἵ',
--
-- omicron
['ο'] = 'ό',
['Ο'] = 'Ό',
['ὀ'] = 'ὄ',
--
['ὁ'] = 'ὅ',
--
-- upsilon
['υ'] = 'ύ',
['Υ'] = 'Ὺ',
['ϋ'] = 'ΰ',
--
-- with psile
['ὐ'] = 'ὔ',
--
-- with daseia
['ὑ'] = 'ὕ',
--
-- omega
['ω'] = 'ώ',
['Ω'] = 'Ώ',
['ῳ'] = 'ῴ',
--
-- with psile
['ὠ'] = 'ὤ',
--
['ᾠ'] = 'ᾤ', -- [[ᾤα]]
--
-- with daseia
['ὡ'] = 'ὥ',
--
--
--
}
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- replace perispomeni (circuflex) with okseia (acute)
-- this is for polytonic
export.perispomeni_to_oxia = {
-- alpha
['ᾶ'] = 'ά',
--
['ᾷ'] = 'ᾴ',
--
-- with psile
['ἆ'] = 'ἄ',
['Ἆ'] = 'Ἄ',
['ᾆ'] = 'ᾄ',
--
-- with daseia
['ἇ'] = 'ἅ',
['Ἇ'] = 'Ἅ',
['ᾇ'] = 'ᾅ',
--
-- eta
['ῆ'] = 'ή',
--
['ῇ'] = 'ῄ',
--
-- with psile
['ἦ'] = 'ἤ',
['Ἦ'] = 'Ἤ',
['ᾖ'] = 'ᾔ',
--
-- with daseia
['ἧ'] = 'ἥ',
['Ἧ'] = 'Ἥ',
['ᾗ'] = 'ᾕ',
--
-- iota
['ῖ'] = 'ί',
--
-- with psile
['ἶ'] = 'ἴ',
['Ἶ'] = 'Ἴ', -- psile perispomeni (1F3F)
-- and dialytics?
-- with daseia
['ἷ'] = 'ἵ',
['Ἷ'] = 'Ἵ',
-- and dialytics?
-- upsilon
['ῦ'] = 'ύ',
--
-- and dialytics?
-- with psile
['ὖ'] = 'ὔ',
--
-- with daseia
['ὗ'] = 'ὕ',
['Ὗ'] = 'Ὕ',
-- omega
['ῶ'] = 'ώ',
--
['ῷ'] = 'ῴ',
--
-- with psile
['ὦ'] = 'ὤ',
['Ὦ'] = 'Ὤ',
['ᾦ'] = 'ᾤ',
--
-- with daseia
['ὧ'] = 'ὥ',
['Ὧ'] = 'Ὥ',
['ᾧ'] = 'ᾥ',
}
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- ?? add all missing capitals, add unorthodox?
-- replace oxeia (acute) with perispomene (circuflex)
export.oxia_to_perispomeni = {
['ά'] = 'ᾶ',
['ᾴ'] = 'ᾷ',
['ἄ'] = 'ἆ',
['ᾄ'] = 'ᾆ',
['ἅ'] = 'ἇ',
['ᾅ'] = 'ᾇ',
['ή'] = 'ῆ',
['ῄ'] = 'ῇ',
['ἤ'] = 'ἦ',
['ᾔ'] = 'ᾖ',
['ἥ'] = 'ἧ',
['ᾕ'] = 'ᾗ',
['ί'] = 'ῖ',
['ἴ'] = 'ἶ',
['ἵ'] = 'ἷ',
['ΐ'] = 'ῗ',
['ύ'] = 'ῦ',
['ὔ'] = 'ὖ',
['ὕ'] = 'ὗ',
['ώ'] = 'ῶ',
['ῴ'] = 'ῷ',
['ὤ'] = 'ὦ',
['ᾤ'] = 'ᾦ',
['ὥ'] = 'ὧ',
['ᾥ'] = 'ᾧ',
}
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- c) diphthongs and digraphs (2-vowel-sequences) --
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- these are [[diphthong]]s = 2 vowels together as one
export.digraphs = { 'αι', 'ει', 'οι', 'αυ', 'ευ', 'ηυ', 'ου' }
-- υι ?? is a diphthong, only in polytonic
-- modern synizeses: εια, ειο, υα ([[γυαλί]]),
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Move accent backwords. This is called [[recessive]] accent.
--[=[
-- ?? Do i NEED? In polytonic we may have
αΐ to άι
OR αΐ to άϊ (with redundant, needless dialytics at second letter).
BOTH exist.
-- at the moment do as in monotonic
]=]--
export.digraphs_accent_back = {
['αΐ'] = 'άι',
['εΐ'] = 'έι',
['οΐ'] = 'όι',
['αΰ'] = 'άυ',
['εΰ'] = 'έυ',
['ουί'] = 'ούι'
}
-- ?? oυϊ with accent only in polytonic?
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Convert modern greek diphthongs (pronounced as one syllable) to two separate vowels:
export.digraphs_accented_to_unaccented = {
['άι'] = 'αϊ',
['έι'] = 'εϊ',
['όι'] = 'οϊ',
['άυ'] = 'αϋ',
['έυ'] = 'εϋ',
['όυ'] = 'οϋ'
}
-- ήυ ??
-- ['ύι'] = 'υϊ', not in nouns / δεν υπάρχει σε ουσιαστικά, μόνο στο επίθετο δρύινος.
-- Αντίθετα, θα βάλει διαλυτικά στο βούισμα, βουΐσματα. Πολυτονικό?
return export
--[=[
EXPLANATIONS
Conversions of greek characters unaccented <--> accented vowels or digraphs
i) for [[monotonic]] script: only one accent: oxia [[acute]] ⟨ ΄ ⟩
ii) for [[polytonic]] script: The diacritics:
Accents:
[[τόνος]] tonos ([[οξεία]] oxia, acute) ⟨ ´ ) is now accepted as identical to the modern accent TONOS and the latin acute accent: ⟨ ´ ⟩.
So, polytonic includes the functions of monotonic.
CAREFUL: here, ALL tonos = oxia must NEVER be a VERTICAL line
FORBID all font-families that present tonos with a little vertical line (like Verdana)
[[περισπωμένη]] perispomeni ( ῀ ) similar but not identical to the latin circumflex ( ˆ )
(The [[βαρεία]], grave accent ( ˋ ) is used only in texts, not isolated words)
Breathings [[πνεύματα]]:
[[ψιλή]], psile, soft breathing ( ᾿ )
[[δασεία]], daseia, rough breathing ῾ )
[[διαίρεσις]] [[diaeresis]] or [[διαλυτικά]] dialytics: splits digraph-vowels
[[υπογρεγραμμένη]] subscript [[ιώτα]] iota
For more, see https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Module:grc-utilities
Prosody is used visibly only for Ancient Greek (and Hellenistic Koine)
* μακρόν (macron) or βραχύ (breve)
Ref
* https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Module:grc-utilities/data
* https://www.fileformat.info/info/unicode/block/greek_extended/list.htm
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_script_in_Unicode
* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_alphabet#Greek_in_Unicode
]=]--
