Cymreigio

Welsh

Etymology

From Cymreig (“Welsh”) +‎ -io.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kəmˈrei̯ɡjɔ/

Verb

Cymreigio (first-person singular present Cymreigiaf)

1. to make (more) Welsh, to Welshify, to cymricise
   • 2004 September, Elvey MacDonald, BBC Cymru‎^[1]:

     Nid tasg ysgafn oedd golygu'r gyfrol swmpus hon, yn arbennig o gofio bod llawysgrifen JDE yn deilwng o'r meddyg gorau. Nid yw'n syndod, felly, bod gwallau wedi llwyddo i osgoi sylw'r Golygydd hwnt ac yma ... Pan ddywed JDE ei fod wedi cyrraedd adref yn oriau mân y bore ar ôl cael dau 'binchasau', nid sôn y mae am 'fyrbryd' ond am 'punctures' - sef y gair Sbaeneg 'pinchazo' yn ei ffurf luosog, wedi'i Gymreigio a'i dreiglo (sy'n esbonio'r oedi ar y ffordd).

     It was no mean feat editing this weighty tome, especially when one considers that JDE had handwriting worthy of the best of doctors. It is not surprising then, that mistakes had managed to evade the notice of the Editor here and there ... When JDE says he had arrived home in the early hours of the morning having had two 'binchasau', he is not talking about a 'snack' but about 'punctures' - that is to say the Spanish word 'pinchazo' in its plural form, Welshified and mutated (which explains the delay on the way).

2. to translate into Welsh

Conjugation

Conjugation (literary)

	singular			plural			impersonal
	first	second	third	first	second	third
present indicative/future	Cymreigiaf	Cymreigi	Cymreigia	Cymreigiwn	Cymreigiwch	Cymreigiant	Cymreigir
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/conditional	Cymreigiwn	Cymreigit	Cymreigiai	Cymreigiem	Cymreigiech	Cymreigient	Cymreigid
preterite	Cymreigiais	Cymreigiaist	Cymreigiodd	Cymreigiasom	Cymreigiasoch	Cymreigiasant	Cymreigiwyd
pluperfect	Cymreigiaswn	Cymreigiasit	Cymreigiasai	Cymreigiasem	Cymreigiasech	Cymreigiasent	Cymreigiasid, Cymreigiesid
present subjunctive	Cymreigiwyf	Cymreigiech	Cymreigio	Cymreigiom	Cymreigioch	Cymreigiont	Cymreigier
imperative	—	Cymreigia	Cymreigied	Cymreigiwn	Cymreigiwch	Cymreigient	Cymreigier
verbal noun	Cymreigio
verbal adjectives	Cymreigiedig Cymreigiadwy

Conjugation (colloquial)

Inflected colloquial forms	singular			plural
	first	second	third	first	second	third
future	Cymreigia i, Cymreigiaf i	Cymreigi di	Cymreigith o/e/hi, Cymreigiff e/hi	Cymreigiwn ni	Cymreigiwch chi	Cymreigian nhw
conditional	Cymreigiwn i, Cymreigswn i	Cymreigiet ti, Cymreigset ti	vai fo/fe/hi, Cymreigsai fo/fe/hi	Cymreigien ni, Cymreigsen ni	Cymreigiech chi, Cymreigsech chi	Cymreigien nhw, Cymreigsen nhw
preterite	Cymreigiais i, Cymreigies i	Cymreigiaist ti, Cymreigiest ti	Cymreigiodd o/e/hi	Cymreigion ni	Cymreigioch chi	Cymreigion nhw
imperative	—	Cymreigia	—	—	Cymreigiwch	—
Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh.

Mutation

Mutated forms of Cymreigio

radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
Cymreigio	Gymreigio	Nghymreigio	Chymreigio

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “Cymreigio”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies