Category:Proto-Iranian language

Proto-Iranian language links

Wikipedia	English Wikipedia has an article on: Proto-Iranian language
Wikimedia Commons	Wikimedia Commons has links to Proto-Iranian-related content in sister projects: None.
Wiktionary	Wiktionary edition written in Proto-Iranian: None.
Entry	Wiktionary entry for the language's English name: Proto-Iranian
Considerations	Wiktionary resources for editors contributing to Proto-Iranian entries: Wiktionary:About Proto-Iranian Reference templates (157) Bibliography

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This is the main category of the Proto-Iranian language.

Information about Proto-Iranian:

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Canonical name	Proto-Iranian
Language code	`ira-pro`
Language family	Iranian languages
Ancestors	Proto-Indo-European Proto-Indo-Iranian
Scripts	Latin script (`Latn`)
Wikidata	Q4167865

Proto-Iranian is a reconstructed language. Its words and roots are not directly attested in any written works, but have been reconstructed through the comparative method, which finds regular similarities between languages that cannot be explained by coincidence or word-borrowing, and extrapolates ancient forms from these similarities.

According to our criteria for inclusion, terms in Proto-Iranian should not be present in entries in the main namespace, but may be added to the Reconstruction: namespace.

Please see Wiktionary:About Proto-Iranian for information and special considerations for creating Proto-Iranian language entries.

Family tree

Proto-Iranian (ira-pro)Collapse
- ├───┬ Central Iranian (ira-cen) F
  - │ └───┬ Avestan (ae)
    - │ └───┬ Old Avestan (ae-old) V
      - │ └──── Younger Avestan (ae-yng) V
- ├──── Middle Iranian (ira-mid) F
- ├───┬ Northeastern Iranian (ira-nei) F
  - │ ├───┬ Scythian (xsc) F
    - │ │ │ Proto-Scythian (xsc-pro)
    - │ │ ├───┬ Saka-Wakhi (xsc-skw) F
      - │ │ │ │ Proto-Saka-Wakhi (xsc-skw-pro)
      - │   │   │   ├───┬ Sakan (xsc-sak) F
        │   │   │   │   │ Proto-Saka (xsc-sak-pro)
        │   │   │   │   ├───┬ Khotanese (kho)
        │   │   │   │   │   └───┬ Old Khotanese (kho-old) V
        │   │   │   │   │       └──── Late Khotanese (kho-lat) V
        │   │   │   │   └──── Tumshuqese (xtq)
      - │ │ │ └──── Wakhi (wbl)
    - │ │ └───┬ Proto-Sarmatian (xsc-sar-pro)
      - │   │       └───┬ Alanic (xln)
        │   │           └───┬ Proto-Ossetic (os-pro)
        │   │               └───┬ Old Ossetic (oos)
        │   │                   ├──── Early Old Ossetic (oos-ear) V
        │   │                   ├──── Jassic (ysc)
        │   │                   ├──── Late Old Ossetic (oos-lat) V
        │   │                   └───┬ Ossetian (os)
        │   │                       ├──── Digor Ossetian (os-dig) V
        │   │                       └──── Iron Ossetian (os-iro) V
  - │ └───┬ Sogdo-Bactrian (ira-sbc) F
    - │ ├──── Bactrian (xbc)
    - │ ├──── Khwarezmian (xco)
    - │ └───┬ Sogdic (ira-sgc) F
      - │ │ Proto-Sogdic (ira-sgc-pro)
      - │           ├───┬ Sogdian (sog)
        │           │   └───┬ Early Sogdian (sog-ear) V
        │           │       └──── Late Sogdian (sog-lat) V
      - │ └──── Yagnobi (yai)
- ├──── Old Iranian (ira-old) F
- ├───┬ Southeastern Iranian (ira-sei) F
  - │ ├───┬ Ormuri-Parachi (ira-orp) F
    - │ │ ├───┬ Ormuri (oru)
      - │ │ │ ├──── Kaniguram (oru-kan) V
      - │ │ │ └──── Logar (oru-log) V
    - │ │ └──── Parachi (prc)
  - │ ├───┬ Pathan (ira-pat) F
    - │ │ │ Proto-Pathan (ira-pat-pro)
    - │ │ ├──── Jadrani (ps-jad) V
    - │ │ ├───┬ Pashto (ps)
      - │   │   │   ├───┬ Northeastern Pashto (ps-nea) V
        │   │   │   │   ├──── Afridi (ps-afr) V
        │   │   │   │   ├──── Bangash (ps-bng) V
        │   │   │   │   ├──── Khatak (ps-xat) V
        │   │   │   │   └──── Peshawari (ps-pes) V
      - │   │   │   ├───┬ Northwestern Pashto (ps-nwe) V
        │   │   │   │   ├──── Central Ghilzay (ps-cgi) V
        │   │   │   │   └──── Mahsudi (ps-mah) V
      - │   │   │   ├───┬ Southeastern Pashto (ps-sea) V
        │   │   │   │   ├──── Bannu (ps-ban) V
        │   │   │   │   ├──── Kakari (ps-kak) V
        │   │   │   │   ├──── Sher (ps-ser) V
        │   │   │   │   └──── Waziri (ps-waz) V
      - │ │ │ └───┬ Southwestern Pashto (ps-swe) V
        │ │ │ └──── Kandahari (ps-kan) V
    - │ │ └──── Waneci (wne)
  - │ ├───┬ Sanglechi-Ishkashimi (ira-sgi) F
    - │ │ │ Proto-Sanglechi-Ishkashimi (ira-sgi-pro)
    - │ │ ├──── Ishkashimi (isk)
    - │ │ └──── Sanglechi (sgy)
  - │ └───┬ Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji (ira-sym) F
    - │ │ Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji (ira-sym-pro)
    - │ ├───┬ Munji-Yidgha (ira-mny) F
      - │ │ │ Proto-Munji-Yidgha (ira-mny-pro)
      - │ │ ├──── Munji (mnj)
      - │ │ └──── Yidgha (ydg)
    - │ └───┬ Shughni-Yazghulami (ira-shy) F
      - │ │ Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami (ira-shy-pro)
      - │           ├───┬ Shughni-Roshani (ira-shr) F
        │           │   │ Proto-Shughni-Roshani (ira-shr-pro)
        │           │   ├──── Sarikoli (srh)
        │           │   └───┬ Shughni (sgh)
        │           │       ├───┬ Bartangi-Oroshori (sgh-bro) V
        │           │       │   ├──── Bartangi (sgh-bar) V
        │           │       │   └──── Oroshori (sgh-oro) V
        │           │       ├───┬ Khughni-Bajui (sgh-xgb) V
        │           │       │   ├──── Bajui (sgh-baj) V
        │           │       │   └──── Khughni (sgh-xug) V
        │           │       └───┬ Roshani-Khufi (sgh-rsx) V
        │           │           ├──── Khufi (sgh-xuf) V
        │           │           └──── Roshani (sgh-ros) V
      - │ ├──── Vanji (ira-wnj)
      - │ └──── Yazghulami (yah)
- └───┬ Western Iranian (ira-wes) F
  - ├───┬ Northwestern Iranian (ira-nwi) F
    - │ ├───┬ Baluchi (bal)
      - │ │ ├──── Eastern Balochi (bgp) V
      - │ │ ├──── Koroshi (ktl)
      - │ │ ├──── Southern Balochi (bcc) V
      - │ │ └──── Western Balochi (bgn) V
    - │ ├───┬ Kurdish (ku) F
      - │ │ │ Proto-Kurdish (ku-pro)
      - │ │ ├──── Central Kurdish (ckb)
      - │ │ ├──── Laki (lki)
      - │ │ ├──── Northern Kurdish (kmr)
      - │ │ └──── Southern Kurdish (sdh)
    - │ └───┬ Medo-Parthian (ira-mpr) F
      - │ │ Proto-Medo-Parthian (ira-mpr-pro)
      -     │       ├───┬ Caspian (ira-csp) F
            │       │   ├──── Gilaki (glk)
            │       │   └───┬ Mazanderani-Shahmirzadi (ira-msh) F
            │       │       ├──── Mazanderani (mzn)
            │       │       └──── Shahmirzadi (srz)
      -     │       ├───┬ Komisenian (ira-kms) F
            │       │   │ Proto-Komisenian (ira-kms-pro)
            │       │   ├──── Lasgerdi (lsa)
            │       │   ├──── Sangisari (sgr)
            │       │   └──── Sorkhei (sqo)
      -     │       ├───┬ Median (xme) F
            │       │   │ Old Median (xme-old)
            │       │   ├───┬ Middle Median (xme-mid)
            │       │   │   ├──── Alviri-Vidari (avd)
            │       │   │   ├───┬ Kermanic (xme-ker)
            │       │   │   │   ├──── Abuzeydabadi (xme-abz) V
            │       │   │   │   ├──── Abyanehi (xme-aby) V
            │       │   │   │   ├──── Anaraki (xme-ana) V
            │       │   │   │   ├──── Ardestani (xme-ard) V
            │       │   │   │   ├──── Badrudi (xme-bdr) V
            │       │   │   │   ├──── Bidhandi (xme-bid) V
            │       │   │   │   ├──── Bijagani (xme-bij) V
            │       │   │   │   ├──── Chimehi (xme-cim) V
            │       │   │   │   ├──── Delijani (xme-del) V
            │       │   │   │   ├──── Farizandi (xme-far) V
            │       │   │   │   ├──── Gazi (gzi) V
            │       │   │   │   ├──── Hanjani (xme-han) V
            │       │   │   │   ├──── Isfahani (xme-isf) V
            │       │   │   │   ├──── Jowshaqani (xme-jow) V
            │       │   │   │   ├──── Kafroni (xme-kaf) V
            │       │   │   │   ├──── Kashani (xme-kas) V
            │       │   │   │   ├──── Kermani (xme-krm) V
            │       │   │   │   ├──── Kesehi (xme-kes) V
            │       │   │   │   ├──── Khunsari (kfm) V
            │       │   │   │   ├──── Khuri (xme-xur) V
            │       │   │   │   ├──── Komjani (xme-kom) V
            │       │   │   │   ├──── Mahallati (xme-mah) V
            │       │   │   │   ├──── Meymehi (xme-mey) V
            │       │   │   │   ├──── Naraqi (xme-nar) V
            │       │   │   │   ├──── Nashalji (xme-nas) V
            │       │   │   │   ├──── Natanzi (ntz) V
            │       │   │   │   ├──── Nayini (nyq) V
            │       │   │   │   ├──── Nushabadi (xme-nus) V
            │       │   │   │   ├──── Qalhari (xme-qal) V
            │       │   │   │   ├──── Qohrudi (xme-qoh) V
            │       │   │   │   ├──── Sedehi (xme-sed) V
            │       │   │   │   ├──── Soi (soj) V
            │       │   │   │   ├──── Tarehi (xme-trh) V
            │       │   │   │   ├──── Tari (xme-tar) V
            │       │   │   │   ├──── Valujerdi (xme-val) V
            │       │   │   │   ├──── Varani (xme-var) V
            │       │   │   │   ├──── Varzenehi (xme-vrz) V
            │       │   │   │   ├──── Vonishuni (xme-von) V
            │       │   │   │   ├──── Yarandi (xme-yar) V
            │       │   │   │   ├──── Yazdi (xme-yaz) V
            │       │   │   │   ├──── Zefrehi (xme-zef) V
            │       │   │   │   ├──── Zori (xme-zor) V
            │       │   │   │   └──── Zoroastrian Dari (gbz) V
            │       │   │   ├───┬ Rudbari (rdb)
            │       │   │   │   ├──── Jirofti (rdb-jir) V
            │       │   │   │   └──── Kahnuji (rdb-kah) V
            │       │   │   ├──── Sivandi (siy)
            │       │   │   ├───┬ Tafreshi (xme-taf)
            │       │   │   │   ├──── Amorehi (xme-amo) V
            │       │   │   │   ├──── Ashtiani (atn) V
            │       │   │   │   ├──── Borujerdi (xme-bor) V
            │       │   │   │   ├──── Hamadani (xme-ham) V
            │       │   │   │   ├──── Kahaki (xme-kah) V
            │       │   │   │   └──── Vafsi (vaf) V
            │       │   │   └───┬ Proto-Tatic (xme-ttc-pro)
            │       │   │       ├──── Kilit (xme-klt)
            │       │   │       ├───┬ Old Tati (xme-ott)
            │       │   │       │   ├───┬ Central Tati (xme-ttc-cen) V
            │       │   │       │   │   ├──── Kabatei (xkp)
            │       │   │       │   │   ├──── Kajali (xkj)
            │       │   │       │   │   ├──── Koresh-e Rostam (okh)
            │       │   │       │   │   ├──── Shahrudi (shm)
            │       │   │       │   │   └──── Upper Taromi (tov)
            │       │   │       │   ├───┬ Eastern Tati (xme-ttc-eas) V
            │       │   │       │   │   ├──── Gozarkhani (goz)
            │       │   │       │   │   ├──── Maraghei (vmh)
            │       │   │       │   │   └──── Razajerdi (rat)
            │       │   │       │   ├───┬ Northern Tati (xme-ttc-nor) V
            │       │   │       │   │   ├──── Harzani (hrz)
            │       │   │       │   │   ├──── Kalasuri (xme-kls)
            │       │   │       │   │   └──── Karingani (kgn)
            │       │   │       │   ├──── Old Azari (xme-azr) V
            │       │   │       │   ├───┬ Southern Tati (xme-ttc-sou) V
            │       │   │       │   │   ├──── Eshtehardi (esh)
            │       │   │       │   │   └───┬ Ramandi (tks)
            │       │   │       │   │       ├──── Chali Tati (tks-cal) V
            │       │   │       │   │       ├──── Danesfani (tks-dan) V
            │       │   │       │   │       ├──── Ebrahimabadi (tks-ebr) V
            │       │   │       │   │       ├──── Esfarvarini (tks-esf) V
            │       │   │       │   │       ├──── Khiaraji (tks-xia) V
            │       │   │       │   │       ├──── Khoznini (tks-xoz) V
            │       │   │       │   │       ├──── Sagzabadi (tks-sag) V
            │       │   │       │   │       └──── Takestani (tks-tak) V
            │       │   │       │   └───┬ Western Tati (xme-ttc-wes) V
            │       │   │       │       └──── Khoini (xkc)
            │       │   │       └───┬ Talysh (tly)
            │       │   │           ├───┬ Central Talysh (tly-cen) V
            │       │   │           │   ├──── Asalemi (tly-asa) V
            │       │   │           │   ├──── Karganrudi (tly-kar) V
            │       │   │           │   ├──── Taleshdulabi (tly-tal) V
            │       │   │           │   └──── Tularudi (tly-tul) V
            │       │   │           ├───┬ Northern Talysh (tly-nor) V
            │       │   │           │   ├──── Anbarani (tly-anb) V
            │       │   │           │   └──── Azerbaijani Talysh (tly-aze) V
            │       │   │           └───┬ Southern Talysh (tly-sou) V
            │       │   │               ├──── Fumani (tly-fum) V
            │       │   │               ├──── Masali (tly-msa) V
            │       │   │               ├──── Masulei (tly-msu) V
            │       │   │               └──── Shandarmani (tly-san) V
            │       │   ├──── Semnani (smy)
            │       │   └──── Tatic (xme-ttc) F
      - │ ├──── Parthian (xpr)
      -     │       └───┬ Zaza-Gorani (ira-zgr) F
            │           │ Proto-Zaza-Gorani (ira-zgr-pro)
            │           ├───┬ Gurani (hac)
            │           │   ├──── Bajelani (bjm)
            │           │   ├──── Sarli (sdf)
            │           │   └──── Shabak (sdb)
            │           └──── Zazaki (zza)
  - └───┬ Southwestern Iranian (ira-swi) F
    - ├───┬ Bashkardi (bsg)
      - │ ├──── Bandari (bsg-ban) V
      - │ ├──── Hormozi (bsg-hor) V
      - │ └──── Minabi (bsg-min) V
    - ├──── Dezfuli (def)
    - ├──── Larestani (lrl)
    - ├──── Northwestern Fars (faz)
    - ├───┬ Old Persian (peo)
      - │ ├──── Early Old Persian (peo-ear) V
      - │ ├──── Late Old Persian (peo-lat) V
      -         │   └───┬ Middle Persian (pal)
                │       ├──── Bakhtiari (bqi)
                │       ├───┬ Early Middle Persian (pal-ear) V
                │       │   └───┬ Late Middle Persian (pal-lat) V
                │       │       ├───┬ Early New Persian (fa-ear) V
                │       │       │   └───┬ Classical Persian (fa-cls) V
                │       │       │       ├──── Judeo-Tat (jdt)
                │       │       │       ├───┬ Persian (fa)
                │       │       │       │   ├───┬ Dari (prs) V
                │       │       │       │   │   └──── Hazaragi (haz) V
                │       │       │       │   ├──── Dehwari (deh)
                │       │       │       │   ├──── Iranian Persian (fa-ira) V
                │       │       │       │   ├──── Judeo-Persian (jpr)
                │       │       │       │   ├──── Tat (ttt)
                │       │       │       │   └──── Äynu (aib)
                │       │       │       └───┬ Tajik (tg)
                │       │       │           └──── Bukhari (bhh)
                │       │       └──── Manichaean Middle Persian (xmn) V
                │       ├──── Kumzari (zum)
                │       ├──── Northern Luri (lrc)
                │       └──── Southern Luri (luz)
    - └───┬ Southwestern Fars (fay)
      - ├──── Burenjani (fay-bur) V
      - ├──── Bushehri (fay-bsh) V
      - ├──── Dashtaki (fay-dsh) V
      - ├──── Davani (fay-dav) V
      - ├──── Emamzada Esma’ili (fay-eze) V
      - ├──── Gavkoshaki (fay-gav) V
      - ├──── Khargi (fay-kar) V
      - ├──── Khollari (fay-kho) V
      - ├──── Kondazi (fay-kon) V
      - ├──── Masarami (fay-mas) V
      - ├──── Old Kazeruni (fay-kzo) V
      - ├──── Old Shirazi (fay-sho) V
      - ├──── Papuni (fay-pap) V
      - ├──── Samghani (fay-sam) V
      - ├──── Shirazi (fay-shr) V
      - └──── Sorkhi (fay-sor) V

Category:ira-pro:All topics: Proto-Iranian terms organized by topic, such as "Family", "Chemistry", "Planets", "Canids" or "Cities in France".
Category:Proto-Iranian entry maintenance: Proto-Iranian entries, or entries in other languages containing Proto-Iranian terms, that are being tracked for attention and improvement by editors.
Category:Proto-Iranian lemmas: Proto-Iranian lemmas, categorized by their part of speech.
Category:Proto-Iranian names: Proto-Iranian terms that are used to refer to specific individuals or groups. Place names, demonyms and other kinds of names can be found in Category:Names.
Category:Requests concerning Proto-Iranian: Categories with Proto-Iranian entries that need the attention of experienced editors.
Category:Proto-Iranian templates: Proto-Iranian templates, which contain reusable wiki code that helps with creating and managing entries.
Category:Proto-Iranian terms by etymology: Proto-Iranian terms categorized by their etymologies.
Category:Proto-Iranian terms by usage: Proto-Iranian terms categorized by the manner and context in which they are used by speakers.
Category:Terms derived from Proto-Iranian by language: Categories with terms that originate from Proto-Iranian.

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This category has the following 10 subcategories, out of 10 total.

Proto-Iranian lemmas (8 c, 310 e)

Pages in category "Proto-Iranian language"

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Wiktionary:About Proto-Iranian

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Pages in category "Proto-Iranian language"