Appendix:Ancient Greek first declension

Greek nouns of the first declension are feminine or masculine. In the Attic and Koine dialects, the lemma form of feminine nouns ends in -η, -ᾰ, -ᾱ (-ē, -a, -ā), and that of masculine nouns in -ης, -ᾱς (-ēs, -ās).

An overview of first-declension endings in Attic and Koine. The cases are placed in the order NVAGD rather than NGDAV so that syncretism can be shown. The dual and plural forms are identical in all first-declension nouns; the variation happens in the singular.

case	singular						dual	plural
	feminine			masculine
	eta	alpha		eta	alpha
nominative	-η	-ᾰ	-ᾱ	-ης	-ᾱς		-ᾱ	-αι
vocative				-η	-ᾰ	-ᾱ
accusative	-ην	-ᾰν	-ᾱν	-ην	-ᾱν			-ᾱς
genitive	-ης	-ᾱς		-ου			-αιν	-ων
dative	-ῃ	-ᾳ		-ῃ	-ᾳ			-αις

Examples

Note: These examples are forms from the Attic dialect.

Feminine nouns

• Citation form: τῑμή f (tīmḗ)
• Citation form: χώρᾱ f (khṓrā)

		number
		singular	dual	plural
case	nominative	τῑμή (tīmḗ) χώρᾱ (khṓrā)	τῑμᾱ́ (tīmā́) χώρᾱ (khṓrā)	τῑμαί (tīmaí) χῶραι (khôrai)
	vocative
	accusative	τῑμήν (tīmḗn) χώρᾱν (khṓrān)		τῑμᾱ́ς (tīmā́s) χώρᾱς (khṓrās)
	genitive	τῑμῆς (tīmês) χώρᾱς (khṓrās)	τῑμαῖν (tīmaîn) χώραιν (khṓrain)	τῑμῶν (tīmôn) χωρῶν (khōrôn)
	dative	τῑμῇ (tīmêi) χώρᾳ (khṓrāi)		τῑμαῖς (tīmaîs) χώραις (khṓrais)

First declension of ἡ τῑμή; τῆς τῑμῆς (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ τῑμή hē tīmḗ	τὼ τῑμᾱ́ tṑ tīmā́	αἱ τῑμαί hai tīmaí
Genitive	τῆς τῑμῆς tês tīmês	τοῖν τῑμαῖν toîn tīmaîn	τῶν τῑμῶν tôn tīmôn
Dative	τῇ τῑμῇ têi tīmêi	τοῖν τῑμαῖν toîn tīmaîn	ταῖς τῑμαῖς taîs tīmaîs
Accusative	τὴν τῑμήν tḕn tīmḗn	τὼ τῑμᾱ́ tṑ tīmā́	τᾱ̀ς τῑμᾱ́ς tā̀s tīmā́s
Vocative	τῑμή tīmḗ	τῑμᾱ́ tīmā́	τῑμαί tīmaí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

First declension of ἡ χώρᾱ; τῆς χώρᾱς (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ χώρᾱ hē khṓrā	τὼ χώρᾱ tṑ khṓrā	αἱ χῶραι hai khôrai
Genitive	τῆς χώρᾱς tês khṓrās	τοῖν χώραιν toîn khṓrain	τῶν χωρῶν tôn khōrôn
Dative	τῇ χώρᾳ têi khṓrāi	τοῖν χώραιν toîn khṓrain	ταῖς χώραις taîs khṓrais
Accusative	τὴν χώρᾱν tḕn khṓrān	τὼ χώρᾱ tṑ khṓrā	τᾱ̀ς χώρᾱς tā̀s khṓrās
Vocative	χώρᾱ khṓrā	χώρᾱ khṓrā	χῶραι khôrai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Masculine nouns

• Citation form: κρῐτής m (kritḗs)
• Citation form: νεᾱνῐ́ᾱς m (neāníās)

First declension of ὁ κρῐτής; τοῦ κρῐτοῦ (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ κρῐτής ho kritḗs	τὼ κρῐτᾱ́ tṑ kritā́	οἱ κρῐταί hoi kritaí
Genitive	τοῦ κρῐτοῦ toû kritoû	τοῖν κρῐταῖν toîn kritaîn	τῶν κρῐτῶν tôn kritôn
Dative	τῷ κρῐτῇ tôi kritêi	τοῖν κρῐταῖν toîn kritaîn	τοῖς κρῐταῖς toîs kritaîs
Accusative	τὸν κρῐτήν tòn kritḗn	τὼ κρῐτᾱ́ tṑ kritā́	τοὺς κρῐτᾱ́ς toùs kritā́s
Vocative	κρῐτᾰ́ kritá	κρῐτᾱ́ kritā́	κρῐταί kritaí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

First declension of ὁ νεᾱνῐ́ᾱς; τοῦ νεᾱνῐ́ου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ νεᾱνῐ́ᾱς ho neāníās	τὼ νεᾱνῐ́ᾱ tṑ neāníā	οἱ νεᾱνῐ́αι hoi neāníai
Genitive	τοῦ νεᾱνῐ́ου toû neāníou	τοῖν νεᾱνῐ́αιν toîn neāníain	τῶν νεᾱνῐῶν tôn neāniôn
Dative	τῷ νεᾱνῐ́ᾳ tôi neāníāi	τοῖν νεᾱνῐ́αιν toîn neāníain	τοῖς νεᾱνῐ́αις toîs neāníais
Accusative	τὸν νεᾱνῐ́ᾱν tòn neāníān	τὼ νεᾱνῐ́ᾱ tṑ neāníā	τοὺς νεᾱνῐ́ᾱς toùs neāníās
Vocative	νεᾱνῐ́ᾱ neāníā	νεᾱνῐ́ᾱ neāníā	νεᾱνῐ́αι neāníai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.