๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ

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Prakrit

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Etymology

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Inherited from Ashokan Prakrit ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ฅ (ladha /โ laddhaโ /), ๐จซ๐จข (ladha /โ laddhaโ /), from Sanskrit เคฒเคฌเฅเคง (labdha).

Adjective

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๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ (laddha) (Devanagari เคฒเคฆเฅเคง)

  1. taken

Declension

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Maharastri declension of ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ (masculine)
singular plural
Nominative ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘„ (laddho) ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ (laddhฤ)
Accusative ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ (laddhaแนƒ) ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘‚ (laddhe) or ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ (laddhฤ)
Instrumental ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘‚๐‘€ก (laddheแน‡a) or ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘‚๐‘€ก๐‘€ (laddheแน‡aแนƒ) ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘‚๐‘€ณ๐‘€บ (laddhehi) or ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘‚๐‘€ณ๐‘€บ๐‘€ (laddhehiแนƒ)
Dative ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ๐‘€… (laddhฤa) โ€”
Ablative ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ๐‘€‘ (laddhฤo) or ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ๐‘€‰ (laddhฤu) or ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ (laddhฤ) or ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ๐‘€ณ๐‘€บ (laddhฤhi) or ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ๐‘€ณ๐‘€บ๐‘€๐‘€ข๐‘„ (laddhฤhiแนƒto) โ€”
Genitive ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ฒ๐‘†๐‘€ฒ (laddhassa) ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ๐‘€ก (laddhฤแน‡a) or ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ๐‘€ก๐‘€ (laddhฤแน‡aแนƒ)
Locative ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ซ๐‘†๐‘€ซ๐‘€บ (laddhammi) or ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘‚ (laddhe) ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘‚๐‘€ฒ๐‘€ผ (laddhesu) or ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘‚๐‘€ฒ๐‘€ผ๐‘€ (laddhesuแนƒ)
Vocative ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ (laddha) or ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ (laddhฤ) ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ (laddhฤ)
Maharastri declension of ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ (feminine)
singular plural
Nominative ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ (laddhฤ) ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ๐‘€‘ (laddhฤo) or ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ๐‘€‰ (laddhฤu) or ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ (laddhฤ)
Accusative ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ (laddhaแนƒ) ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ๐‘€‘ (laddhฤo) or ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ๐‘€‰ (laddhฤu) or ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ (laddhฤ)
Instrumental ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ๐‘€ (laddhฤe) or ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ๐‘€‡ (laddhฤi) or ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ๐‘€… (laddhฤa) ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ๐‘€ณ๐‘€บ (laddhฤhi) or ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ๐‘€ณ๐‘€บ๐‘€ (laddhฤhiแนƒ)
Dative โ€” โ€”
Ablative ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ๐‘€‘ (laddhฤo) or ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ๐‘€‰ (laddhฤu) ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ๐‘€ณ๐‘€บ๐‘€๐‘€ข๐‘„ (laddhฤhiแนƒto)
Genitive ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ๐‘€ (laddhฤe) or ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ๐‘€‡ (laddhฤi) or ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ๐‘€… (laddhฤa) ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ๐‘€ก (laddhฤแน‡a) or ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ๐‘€ก๐‘€ (laddhฤแน‡aแนƒ)
Locative ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ๐‘€ (laddhฤe) or ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ๐‘€‡ (laddhฤi) or ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ๐‘€… (laddhฤa) ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ๐‘€ฒ๐‘€ผ (laddhฤsu) or ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ๐‘€ฒ๐‘€ผ๐‘€ (laddhฤsuแนƒ)
Vocative ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘‚ (laddhe) or ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ (laddhฤ) ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ๐‘€‘ (laddhฤo) or ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ๐‘€‰ (laddhฤu) or ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ (laddhฤ)
Maharastri declension of ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ (neuter)
singular plural
Nominative ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ (laddhaแนƒ) ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ๐‘€‡๐‘€ (laddhฤiแนƒ) or ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ๐‘€‡ (laddhฤi)
Accusative ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ (laddhaแนƒ) ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ๐‘€‡๐‘€ (laddhฤiแนƒ) or ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ๐‘€‡ (laddhฤi)
Instrumental ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘‚๐‘€ก (laddheแน‡a) or ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘‚๐‘€ก๐‘€ (laddheแน‡aแนƒ) ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘‚๐‘€ณ๐‘€บ (laddhehi) or ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘‚๐‘€ณ๐‘€บ๐‘€ (laddhehiแนƒ)
Dative ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ๐‘€… (laddhฤa) โ€”
Ablative ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ๐‘€‘ (laddhฤo) or ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ๐‘€‰ (laddhฤu) or ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ (laddhฤ) or ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ๐‘€ณ๐‘€บ (laddhฤhi) or ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ๐‘€ณ๐‘€บ๐‘€๐‘€ข๐‘„ (laddhฤhiแนƒto) โ€”
Genitive ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ฒ๐‘†๐‘€ฒ (laddhassa) ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ๐‘€ก (laddhฤแน‡a) or ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ๐‘€ก๐‘€ (laddhฤแน‡aแนƒ)
Locative ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ซ๐‘†๐‘€ซ๐‘€บ (laddhammi) or ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘‚ (laddhe) ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘‚๐‘€ฒ๐‘€ผ (laddhesu) or ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘‚๐‘€ฒ๐‘€ผ๐‘€ (laddhesuแนƒ)
Vocative ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ (laddha) or ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ (laddhฤ) ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ๐‘€‡๐‘€ (laddhฤiแนƒ) or ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ๐‘€ธ๐‘€‡ (laddhฤi)

Descendants

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Verb

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๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ค๐‘†๐‘€ฅ (laddha) (Devanagari เคฒเคฆเฅเคง)

  1. (Mฤhฤrฤแนฃแนญrฤซ) past participle of ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ณ๐‘€‡ (lahaรฏ)
  2. (ลšaurasenฤซ) past participle of ๐‘€ฎ๐‘€ณ๐‘€ค๐‘€บ (lahadi)

Further reading

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  • Sheth, Hargovind Das T[rikamcand] (1923โ€“1928) โ€œเคฒเคฆเฅเคงโ€, in เคชเคพเค‡เค…-เคธเคฆเฅเคฆ-เคฎเคนเคฃเฅเคฃเคตเฅ‹ (in Hindi), Calcutta: [Published by the Author].
  • Pischel, Richard, Jha, Subhadra (contributor) (1957) Comparative Grammar of the Prakrit Languages, Varanasi: Motilal Banarasidass, page 191
  • Woolner, Alfred Cooper, An Introduction to Prakritโ€Ž, Calcutta: Baptist Mission Press, 1917, pages 18, 51, 210.
  • Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969โ€“1985) โ€œlabdhaโ€, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press