𑀤𑁂𑀇

Prakrit

Prakrit verb set
𑀤𑀺𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀇 (dijjaï)
𑀤𑁂𑀇 (dei)

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *deh₃-

Proto-Indo-European *dédeh₃ti

Proto-Indo-Iranian *dádaHti

Sanskrit ददा॑ति (dádāti)

Proto-Indo-European *(s)neh₁-

Proto-Indo-European *neyH-der.

Proto-Indo-Iranian *náyHati

Sanskrit नय॑ति (náyati)

Prakrit 𑀡𑁂𑀇 (ṇei)influ.

Prakrit 𑀤𑁂𑀇 (dei)

Inherited from Sanskrit ददा॑ति (dádāti, “to give”), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *dádaHti, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dádaHti, from Proto-Indo-European *dédeh₃ti. The verb was reshaped by analogy with Prakrit 𑀡𑁂𑀇 (ṇei, “to take”); also compare Vedic Sanskrit दाति॑ (dā́ti, “to give”), whence Prakrit 𑀤𑀸𑀇 (dāi).^[1]

Cognate with Pali dadāti.

𑀤𑁂𑀇 (dei) (Devanagari देइ, Kannada ದೇಇ) (transitive) (Māhārāṣṭrī) ^[2]^[3]^[4]

Central Indo-Aryan:
- Eastern Hindi:
  - Awadhi: देब (deb)
- Western Hindi:
  - Old Hindi: देना (denā)
    - Hindustani:
      - Hindi: देना (denā)
      - Urdu: دینا (denā)
Eastern Indo-Aryan:
- Bengali–Assamese:
  - Assamese: দে (de)
  - Bengali: দেওয়া (deōẇa)
  - Sylheti: ꠖꠦꠅꠀ (deoa)
Insular Indo-Aryan:
- Sinhalese: දෙනවා (denawā)
- Dhivehi: ދެނީ (denī)
Northern Indo-Aryan:
- Nepali: दिनु (dinu)
Northwestern Indo-Aryan:
- Punjabi:
  Gurmukhi script: ਦੇਣਾ (deṇā)
  
  Shahmukhi script: دیݨا (deṇā)
- Sindhi:
  Arabic script: ڏِئَڻُ
  
  Devanagari script: ॾिअणु
Southern Indo-Aryan:
- Konkani:
  Devanagari script: दिव्चे (divce)
  
  Kannada script: ದಿವ್ಚೆ (divce)
  
  Latin script: divche
- Old Marathi:
  Modi script: 𑘟𑘹𑘜𑘹 (deṇe), 𑘠𑘹𑘜𑘹 (dheṇe)
  
  Devanagari script: देणे (deṇe), धेणे (dheṇe)
  - Marathi: देणे (deṇe)
Western Indo-Aryan:
- Gujarati: દેવું (devũ)
- Marwari: देणो (deṇo)
- Romani: del

^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “dádāti”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 351
^ Sir George Abraham Grierson (1924) “The Prakrit Dhātv-ādēśas: According to the Western and the Eastern Schools of Prakrit Grammarians.”, in Memoirs of the Asiatic Society of Bengal‎^[1], volume VIII, number 2, Calcutta, page 141.
^ Pischel, Richard, Jha, Subhadra (contributor) (1957) Comparative Grammar of the Prakrit Languages, Varanasi: Motilal Banarasidass, page 120
^ Woolner, Alfred Cooper, An Introduction to Prakrit‎, Calcutta: Baptist Mission Press, 1917, page 129.