𐽺𐽳𐽹

Old Uyghur

Etymology

From Sogdian 𐫗𐫇𐫖 (nom), from Ancient Greek νόμος (nómos, “custom, law”).

Noun

𐽺𐽳𐽹 (nom)

book
Synonyms: 𐽼𐽶𐾀𐽶𐽲 (bitig), 𐽼𐽳𐽺 (bun), 𐽽𐽰𐽷𐽻𐽶 (čaksé), 𐽽𐽶𐽴𐽶𐽲 (čïzïg), 𐽷𐽶𐽸𐽰𐽼 (kidap), 𐽿𐾅𐽰𐽻𐾀𐽾 (šastr)
- c. 10th century, Maitrisimit Nom Bitig (Maitreyasamitināṭaka Manuscript in Old Uyghur)‎^[1], 01:r09 (MaitrGeng0009):
  𐽹𐽰𐽶𐾀𐽾𐽶𐽻𐽹𐽶𐾀 𐽺𐽳𐽹𐽶𐽺 𐽶𐽹𐽰 𐽼𐽶𐾀𐽶𐾀𐽸𐽶𐽹𐽴 𐾈
  Maitrisimit nomïn yme bititdimiz.
  The Maitrisimit manuscript, which we also penned.
- (Can we date this quote?), Verzeichnis der orientalischen Handschriften in Deutschland; Manichaeist Old Uyghur Texts from Turfan (Berliner Turfantexte V)^[2][3]‎^[4], MTT521-522 (MIIINr.29 +Ch/U6618:15-16):
  𐽰𐽶𐽽𐾀𐽶𐽺 𐽺𐽳𐽹𐽶 𐽰𐽾𐽻𐽰𐽾 𐽶𐽹𐽰 𐽷𐽶𐽺𐽰𐽷𐽶𐽺 𐽰𐽰𐾁𐽵***𐽺 𐽰𐽾𐽹𐽰𐽷𐽶 𐽼𐽳𐾁𐽴𐽳𐽺 𐾉
  İčtin nomï erser yme kéŋin alk[***]n ermeki bolzun!
  Inwardly, as [far as] his study [is to be] concerned, may he reach ample vastness!
(religion) Buddhist scripture
- Late 10th century, (Xuanzang Biography, Book VIII‎^[5], HTVIII: 2050 (22):
  𐽽𐽶𐽺 𐽷𐽶𐽾𐾀𐽳 𐽺𐽳𐽹𐽳𐽵 𐽶𐽰𐽺𐽰 𐽶𐽰𐽺𐽰 𐽰𐽳𐾁𐽰𐽸𐽶 𐾈
  Čïn kértü nomug yene yene uladï.
  [He] merged the truest of true scriptures again [and] again.
law, custom
Synonyms: 𐾀𐽳𐽶𐽾𐽳𐽶 (törö), 𐾀𐽳𐽶𐽾𐽰 (töré), 𐽶𐽰𐽻𐽰 (yasa)
- Late 10th century, (Xuanzang Biography, Book VIII‎^[6], HTVIII: 1635 (26):
  𐽼 𐽺𐽳𐽹𐽽𐽰 𐾀𐽳𐽶𐽾𐽳𐽽𐽰 𐾈***
  [***]p nomča töröče...
  ...according to law and custom...

Alternative forms

𐽺𐽳𐽳𐽹 (nwwm)
ᠨᠤᠮ (num)

Derived terms

𐽺𐽳𐽹𐽽𐽶 (nomčï, “priest, religious expert; teacher”)
𐽺𐽳𐽹𐽸𐽰𐽿𐾅 (nomdaš, “person who shares the same religion; comrade”)
𐽺𐽳𐽹𐾁𐽰𐽹𐽰𐽷 (nomlamak, “to preach, to sermon; to explain, to present”)

Descendants

→ Middle Mongol:
- Classical Mongolian: ᠨᠣᠮ (nom)
  - Mongolian: ном (nom)
  - → Shor: ном
  - → Tuvan: ном (nom)
- Buryat: ном (nom)

References

Caferoğlu, Ahmet (1968) “nom”, in Eski Uygur Türkçesi Sözlüğü (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 260) (in Turkish), Istanbul: Edebiyat Fakültesi Basımevi, page 137
Wilkens, Jens (2021) “nom”, in Handworterbuch des Altuigurischen, Göttingen: Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, pages 494-497