𐽷𐽳𐽺𐽷𐽲𐽰𐽳
Old Uyghur
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- 𐽷𐽳𐽺𐽷𐽲𐽰𐽶𐽳 (kwnkqʾyw /kuŋgayu/), 𐽷𐽳𐽺𐽷𐽲𐽰𐽳 (kwnkqʾw /kuŋhau/), 𐽲𐽳𐽺𐽷𐽲𐽰𐽳 (qwnkqʾw /kuŋkau/), 𐽷𐽳𐽹𐽷𐽰𐽳 (kwmkʾw /kumkau/), 𐽲𐽳𐽺𐽷𐽲𐽶𐽳 (qwnkqyw /kuŋhyu/)
Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Middle Chinese 箜篌 (kʰuŋ ɦəu).
Due to sparse attestation and repeated borrowings from the Chinese source at different points in time, there are many variants of this word. Forms given here are by no means exhaustive.
Noun
[edit]𐽷𐽳𐽺𐽷𐽲𐽰𐽳 (kwnkqʾw /kuŋgau/)
- (music) a type of plucked string instrument; lute, komuz, cobza etc.
- Synonym: 𐽲𐽳𐽼𐽳𐽴 (qopuz)
- c. 11th century, Story of Prince Kalyāṇaṃkara and Papamkara, LXXX.3:
- 𐽰𐽳𐾁 𐽰𐽳𐽸𐽽𐽶 𐽰𐽾 𐽼𐽶𐽾 𐽷𐽳𐽺𐽷𐽲𐽰𐽳 𐾀𐽶𐾁𐽰𐽼 𐽷𐽰𐾁𐽳𐽾𐽸𐽶 𐽼𐽶𐽾𐽸𐽶 𐾈
- ʾwl ʾwdcy ʾr pyr kwnkqʾw tylʾp kʾlwrdy pyrdy
- /Ol udčï er bir kuŋġau tilep kelürdi, bérdi./
- The herdsman asked for a lute and gave it to him.
Declension
[edit]| singular | definite plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | 𐽷𐽳𐽺𐽷𐽲𐽰𐽳 (kwnkqʾw) | 𐽷𐽳𐽺𐽷𐽲𐽰𐽳𐾁𐽰𐽾 (kwnkqʾwlʾr) |
| genitive | 𐽷𐽳𐽺𐽷𐽲𐽰𐽳𐽺𐽳𐽺𐽷 (kwnkqʾwnwnk) | 𐽷𐽳𐽺𐽷𐽲𐽰𐽳𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (kwnkqʾwlʾrnynk) |
| dative | 𐽷𐽳𐽺𐽷𐽲𐽰𐽳𐽷𐽰 (kwnkqʾwkʾ) | 𐽷𐽳𐽺𐽷𐽲𐽰𐽳𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽷𐽰 (kwnkqʾwlʾrkʾ) |
| accusative | 𐽷𐽳𐽺𐽷𐽲𐽰𐽳𐽲 (kwnkqʾwq) 𐽷𐽳𐽺𐽷𐽲𐽰𐽳𐽺𐽶 (kwnkqʾwny) |
𐽷𐽳𐽺𐽷𐽲𐽰𐽳𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽲 (kwnkqʾwlʾryq) 𐽷𐽳𐽺𐽷𐽲𐽰𐽳𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶 (kwnkqʾwlʾrny) |
| locative | 𐽷𐽳𐽺𐽷𐽲𐽰𐽳𐾀𐽰 (kwnkqʾwtʾ) | 𐽷𐽳𐽺𐽷𐽲𐽰𐽳𐾁𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽰 (kwnkqʾwlʾrtʾ) |
| ablative | 𐽷𐽳𐽺𐽷𐽲𐽰𐽳𐾀𐽶𐽺 (kwnkqʾwtyn) | 𐽷𐽳𐽺𐽷𐽲𐽰𐽳𐾁𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽶𐽺 (kwnkqʾwlʾrtyn) |
| instrumental | 𐽷𐽳𐽺𐽷𐽲𐽰𐽳𐽺 (kwnkqʾwn) | 𐽷𐽳𐽺𐽷𐽲𐽰𐽳𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽺 (kwnkqʾwlʾryn) |
| equative | 𐽷𐽳𐽺𐽷𐽲𐽰𐽳𐽽𐽰 (kwnkqʾwcʾ) | |
| directive | 𐽷𐽳𐽺𐽷𐽲𐽰𐽳𐽷𐽰𐽾𐽳 (kwnkqʾwkʾrw) | |
| similative | 𐽷𐽳𐽺𐽷𐽲𐽰𐽳𐾁𐽰𐽶𐽳 (kwnkqʾwlʾyw) |
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- Caferoğlu, Ahmet (1968) “ḳungḳau”, in Eski Uygur Türkçesi Sözlüğü (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 260) (in Turkish), Istanbul: Edebiyat Fakültesi Basımevi, page 186
- Hamilton, James (2020) Korkut, Ece, Birkan, İsmet, transl., Budacı İyi Kalpli ve Kötü Kalpli Prens Masalının Uygurcası - Prens Kalyāṇaṃkara ve Pāpaṃkara Hikâyesi (in Turkish), Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları, →ISBN, page 168
- Wilkens, Jens (2021) “kuŋhau”, in Handworterbuch des Altuigurischen, Göttingen: Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, page 424