𐽶𐽳𐽲𐽾𐽳𐾀

Old Uyghur

Alternative forms

• 𐽶𐽳𐽾𐽲𐽳𐾀 (ywrqwt /⁠yorgut⁠/)
• 𑀬𑁄‌𑀕𑁆𑀭𑁄‌𑀢𑁆 (yo‌gro‌t /⁠yogrot⁠/)

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *yogrut (“yogurt”). Cognate with Karakhanid يُغْرُتْ (yoğrut), Yakut суорат (suorat) and Turkish yoğurt.

Noun

𐽶𐽳𐽲𐽾𐽳𐾀 (ywqrwt /yogrut/)

1. (cooking) yogurt, curdled milk
   • 13-14th century, Maitrisimit Nom Bitig‎^[1], r09(MaitrGeng0064) - r12(MaitrGeng0067):

     𐽶𐽾𐾁𐽶𐽲𐾄𐽰𐽸𐽶 𐾈 𐽶𐽹𐽰 𐽼𐽶𐽾 𐽰𐽳𐽲𐽳𐽾𐽸𐽰
     𐽰𐽰𐽸𐽰𐽲𐾄𐽶 𐽰𐽰𐽲𐽰𐽾𐾁𐽰𐽲 𐽰𐽶𐽽𐾁𐽶𐽷 𐽰𐽳𐽸𐽽𐽶 𐽲𐾄𐽶𐽴 𐽶
     𐽶𐽳𐽲𐽾𐽳𐾀 𐽻𐽰𐾀𐽲𐽰𐾁𐽶 𐽼𐽰𐾁𐽶𐽲𐾄𐽲𐾄𐽰 𐽼𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽾 𐽰𐽾𐽸𐽶 𐽶𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽹
     𐽶𐽳𐾁𐾀𐽰 𐽰𐽳𐽲𐽳𐾁 𐽰𐽰𐽲𐽾𐽶𐽲𐽶 𐽷𐽶𐽾𐽸𐽶 𐾈 𐽰𐽰𐽺𐽷𐽶 𐽶𐽰𐽾𐽶 𐽲𐾄𐽳𐽾𐽶𐽼

     […] yarlïḳadï. Yéme bir ugurda
     adaḳï agarlag ičlig udčï ḳïzï
     yogrut satgalï balïḳḳa barïr erdi. Yarïm
     yolta ogul agrïgï kirdi. [E]ŋi yarï ḳurïp […]

     […] rested well. And in another case,
     a pregnant young shepherdess
     went into the city to sell yogurt. Halfway there,
     she went into labor. Her expressions got weary […]

Declension

Declension of 𐽶𐽳𐽲𐽾𐽳𐾀

	singular	definite plural
nominative	𐽶𐽳𐽲𐽾𐽳𐾀 (ywqrwt)	𐽶𐽳𐽲𐽾𐽳𐾀𐾁𐽰𐽾 (ywqrwtlʾr)
genitive	𐽶𐽳𐽲𐽾𐽳𐾀𐽺𐽳𐽺𐽷 (ywqrwtnwnk)	𐽶𐽳𐽲𐽾𐽳𐾀𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (ywqrwtlʾrnynk)
dative	𐽶𐽳𐽲𐽾𐽳𐾀𐽷𐽰 (ywqrwtkʾ)	𐽶𐽳𐽲𐽾𐽳𐾀𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽷𐽰 (ywqrwtlʾrkʾ)
accusative	𐽶𐽳𐽲𐽾𐽳𐾀𐽳𐽲 (ywqrwtwq) 𐽶𐽳𐽲𐽾𐽳𐾀𐽺𐽶 (ywqrwtny)	𐽶𐽳𐽲𐽾𐽳𐾀𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽲 (ywqrwtlʾryq) 𐽶𐽳𐽲𐽾𐽳𐾀𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶 (ywqrwtlʾrny)
locative	𐽶𐽳𐽲𐽾𐽳𐾀𐾀𐽰 (ywqrwttʾ)	𐽶𐽳𐽲𐽾𐽳𐾀𐾁𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽰 (ywqrwtlʾrtʾ)
ablative	𐽶𐽳𐽲𐽾𐽳𐾀𐾀𐽶𐽺 (ywqrwttyn)	𐽶𐽳𐽲𐽾𐽳𐾀𐾁𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽶𐽺 (ywqrwtlʾrtyn)
instrumental	𐽶𐽳𐽲𐽾𐽳𐾀𐽳𐽺 (ywqrwtwn)	𐽶𐽳𐽲𐽾𐽳𐾀𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽺 (ywqrwtlʾryn)
equative	𐽶𐽳𐽲𐽾𐽳𐾀𐽽𐽰 (ywqrwtcʾ)
directive	𐽶𐽳𐽲𐽾𐽳𐾀𐽷𐽰𐽾𐽳 (ywqrwtkʾrw)
similative	𐽶𐽳𐽲𐽾𐽳𐾀𐾁𐽰𐽶𐽳 (ywqrwtlʾyw)

Descendants

• Western Yugur: joɣurt (yoɣurt)

References

• Caferoğlu, Ahmet (1968) “yorġurd”, in Eski Uygur Türkçesi Sözlüğü (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 260) (in Turkish), Istanbul: Edebiyat Fakültesi Basımevi, page 302
• Wilkens, Jens (2021) “yogrut”, in Handworterbuch des Altuigurischen, Göttingen: Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, page 908