𐽰𐽳𐾁𐽳𐽻𐾅

Old Uyghur

Etymology

Perhaps from 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐾁𐽹𐽰𐽷 (ülmek, “to share, to allot”) +‎ -𐽳𐽿 (-iš), ultimately from Proto-Turkic *üle-, perhaps via a Mongolic source.

Cognate with Old Turkic 𐰆𐰞𐱁 (uluš /⁠ul¹š⁠/), Karakhanid اُلُشْ (uluš, “village, city”), Turkish ulus (“nation”) and Middle Mongol ᠤᠯᠤᠰ᠋ (ulus) (a borrowing from Turkic).

Noun

𐽰𐽳𐾁𐽳𐽻𐾅 (uluš)

1. country, realm, nation

   Synonyms: 𐽶𐾁 (él), 𐽷𐽳𐽷 (kuk), 𐽷𐽳𐽳 (kuu)

   • 1687, Altun Yaruk Manuscript, book 5 (Golden Light Sutra in Old Uyghur)‎^[1], AY.B05.01.r03-05 (s506-511):

     ***𐽷𐽶𐽺𐽷𐽶 𐽰𐽰𐽴𐾅𐽳𐽺 𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽸𐽰 𐾀𐽺𐽷𐽾𐽶 𐽶𐽶𐽾𐽶𐽺𐾀𐽰 𐽼𐽾𐽾𐽲𐽰𐽺 𐾁𐽰𐽾 𐽰𐽳𐾁𐽳𐽻𐽶𐽺𐾀𐽰 𐾀𐽳𐽲𐽰𐽶𐽶𐽺 𐾀𐽶𐽼 𐽷𐽳𐽶𐽻𐽰𐽻𐽰𐽾 𐾁𐽰𐽾 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐾀

     Kénki ažunlarda, Teŋri yérinte, Burhanlar ulušïnta tugayïn tép küseserler, öt[...]

     If they wish and [...] to be born in later forms of existence, in the land of the gods, in the realm of the Buddhas...

2. World, Earth, continent

   Synonym: 𐽶𐽶𐽾 (yér)

3. lineage

References

• Caferoğlu, Ahmet (1968) “uluş”, in Eski Uygur Türkçesi Sözlüğü (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 260) (in Turkish), Istanbul: Edebiyat Fakültesi Basımevi, page 265
• Clauson, Gerard (1972) “uluş”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, pages 152-153
• Wilkens, Jens (2021) “uluš”, in Handworterbuch des Altuigurischen, Göttingen: Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, page 797