𐎶𐎦𐏁

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Old Persian

Etymology

From Proto-Iranian *magúš, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *magʰúš, from Proto-Indo-European *megʰ-ú-s, from *megʰ- (“to be able”), as priests were considered capable of powerful feats^[1] (though some, including Beekes, are implicitly skeptical).^[2]

Noun

𐎶𐎦𐏁 (m-gu-š /maguš/) m^[3]^[4]^[5]

Mazdean priest

Derived terms

*Magukaʰ^[6]
- Middle Persian:
  Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (mgwk /⁠maguk⁠/)
- → Elamite:
  Achaemenid Elamite: 𒈠𒆪𒊌𒋡 (ma-ku-uk-ka₄ /⁠Makuka⁠/)
*Maguvāyaʰ^[7]
- → Elamite:
  Achaemenid Elamite: 𒈠𒆪𒈠𒀀𒅀 (ma-ku-ma-a-ia /⁠Makumāya⁠/)

Descendants

Middle Persian: (/⁠mow⁠/)
Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (MGWŠH)
Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭬𐭢𐭥 (mgw)
- Persian: مغ (moğ)
- → Aghwan: 𐕌𐕒𐔲 (mog)
- → Old Armenian: մոգ (mog)
- → Old Georgian: მოგჳ (mogwi)
- → Sogdian: (/⁠maɣu⁠/)
  Sogdian script: 𐼺𐼴𐼲 (mwɣ)
  Syriac script: ܡܓ݂ܘ (mɣw), ܡܘܓ݂ (mwɣ)
→ Persian: مگوش (maguš) (learned)
→ Akkadian:^[3]^[4]^[8]
Late Babylonian: 𒈠𒄖𒊺𒂊 (ma-gu-še-e /⁠magušē⁠/), 𒈠𒄖𒋗 (ma-gu-šu /⁠magušu⁠/), 𒈠𒄖𒋙 (ma-gu-šú /⁠maguš⁠/), 𒈠𒄖𒍑 (ma-gu-uš /⁠maguš⁠/)
→ Aramaic:
Imperial Aramaic: 𐡌𐡂𐡅𐡔 (mgwš), 𐡌𐡂𐡔 (mgš)
Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: מגושא (mgwšʾ)
- Classical Syriac: ܡܓܘܫܐ (məḡūšā)
- → Arabic: مَجُوس (majūs)
  - → Persian: مَجوس (majus)
- → Hebrew: מָג (māḡ)
→ Elamite:^[3]^[9]^[4]^[8]
Achaemenid Elamite: 𒈠𒆪𒆜 (ma-ku-iš /⁠makuiš⁠/)
→ Ancient Greek: μάγος (mágos)
- Greek: μάγος (mágos)
- → Coptic: ⲙⲁⲅⲟⲥ (magos)
- → Latin: magus (see there for further descendants)

References

^ Edelʹman, D. I. (2015) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 5, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 120
^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “μάγος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 889
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 Kent, Roland G. (1950) Old Persian: grammar, texts, lexicon, New Haven: American Oriental Society
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 Tolman, Herbert Cushing (1908) “magu”, in Ancient Persian lexicon and the texts of the Achaemenidan inscriptions transliterated and translated with special reference to their recent re-examination (Vanderbilt Oriental Series; 6), New York/Cincinnati/Chicago: American Book Company, pages 115-116
^ Rezai Baghbidi, Hassan (2017) Middle Persian Historical Phonology, Osaka: Osaka University, page 37: “OP magu-”
^ Tavernier, Jan (2007) “4.2.1020 *Maguka-”, in Iranica in the Achaemenid Period (ca. 550–330 B.C.): Lexicon of Old Iranian Proper Names and Loanwords, Attested in Non-Iranian Texts, Peeters Publishers, →ISBN, page 236: “236”
^ Tavernier, Jan (2007) “4.2.1021 *Maguvāya-”, in Iranica in the Achaemenid Period (ca. 550–330 B.C.): Lexicon of Old Iranian Proper Names and Loanwords, Attested in Non-Iranian Texts, Peeters Publishers, →ISBN, page 237: “237”
↑ ^8.0 ^8.1 Tavernier, Jan (2007) “1.4.3.3 Maguš (m-gu-u-š)”, in Iranica in the Achaemenid Period (ca. 550–330 B.C.): Lexicon of Old Iranian Proper Names and Loanwords, Attested in Non-Iranian Texts, Peeters Publishers, →ISBN, page 79: “79”
^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1973) “8.921 Makuš”, in Onomastica Persepolitana: Das Altiranische Namengut der Persepolis-Täfelchen [Onomastica Persepolitana: The Old Iranian Personal Names of the Persepolis Tablets] (in German), Vienna: Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, →ISBN, page 187

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