𐌖𐌊𐌓𐌉𐌐𐌄𐌓

Umbrian

Monte Ingino, likely corresponding to the Iguvine Tables' Fisian Mount.

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *okris, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂óḱris (“top, protrusion, sharp edge”). Compare Old Latin ocris (“rugged mountain”) and Ancient Greek ὄκρις (ókris, “prominence; roughness”). The nominative 𐌖𐌊𐌀𐌓 (ukar), ocar does not phonologically agree with the stem okri- and could hence be analysed as from a byform suffixed with -ari- or -āri-.

Noun

𐌖𐌊𐌓𐌉𐌐𐌄𐌓 • (ukriper) m sg (early Iguvine) (ablative + -per)

1. mount, mountain
   • early 2^nd century BCE, Iguvine Tablets, table I, side A (photo; facsimile), lines 5:

     ⁵ 𐌖𐌊𐌓𐌉𐌐𐌄𐌓⁚​𐌚𐌉𐌔𐌉𐌖⁚​𐌕𐌖𐌕𐌀𐌐𐌄𐌓⁚​𐌉𐌊𐌖𐌅𐌉𐌍𐌀⁚​𐌚𐌄𐌉𐌕𐌖⁚​ [...]

     ukriper fisiu tutaper ikuvina feitu

     Sacrifice for the Fisian Mount, for the Iguvine community.

Attested forms

• (nominative) e.Ig. 𐌖𐌊𐌀𐌓 (ukar); l.Ig. ocar
• (genitive) l.Ig. ocrer
• (dative) l.Ig. ocre
• (accusative) l.Ig. ocrem, ocre
• (ablative + -per) e.Ig. 𐌖𐌊𐌓𐌉𐌐𐌄𐌓 (ukriper), 𐌖𐌊𐌓𐌉𐌐𐌄 (ukripe); l.Ig. ocriper, ocreper
• (locative + -en) e.Ig. 𐌖𐌊𐌓𐌄 (ukre); l.Ig. ocre, ocrem

References

• Buck, Carl Darling (1904) A Grammar of Oscan and Umbrian: With a Collection of Inscriptions and a Glossary, page 61
• De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “ocris”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 424
• Poultney, James Wilson (1959) “ocar ukar”, in The Bronze Tables of Iguvium, Baltimore: American Philological Association, page 313
• Ancillotti, Augusto, Cerri, Romolo (2015) “ocar”, in Vocabolario dell'umbro delle tavole di Gubbio [Vocabulary of Umbrian and of the Iguvine Tables] (in Italian), page 32