찌르다
Korean
[edit]Etymology
[edit]First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean ᄣᅵ르다 (Yale: pstiluta).
In the same work, also attested in the form of 디ᄅᆞ다 (Yale: tilota). ᄣᅵ르다 is etymologically 디ᄅᆞ다 + the pre-verbal element ㅄ (ps-), which is a contracted form of ᄇᆞᅀᆞ (Yale: pozo-, “to break, to smash”, whence modern 부수다 (busuda)).[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [t͡ɕ͈iɾɯda̠]
- Phonetic hangul: [찌르다]
| Romanizations | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization? | jjireuda |
| Revised Romanization (translit.)? | jjileuda |
| McCune–Reischauer? | tchirŭda |
| Yale Romanization? | cciluta |
Verb
[edit]찌르다 • (jjireuda) (infinitive 찔러, sequential 찌르니)
| Base | 찌르다 (jjireuda) |
|---|---|
| Passive | 찔리다 (jjillida) |
- to prick; to stab
- (slang) to tell on; to tattletale
Conjugation
[edit]| Sentence-final forms | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 찌른다 jjireunda |
찔러 jjilleo |
찔러요 jjilleoyo |
찌릅니다 jjireumnida |
| Past | 찔렀다 jjilleotda |
찔렀어 jjilleosseo |
찔렀어요 jjilleosseoyo |
찔렀습니다 jjilleotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 찌르느냐 jjireuneunya |
찔러 jjilleo |
찔러요 jjilleoyo |
찌릅니까 jjireumnikka |
| Past | 찔렀느냐 jjilleonneunya |
찔렀어 jjilleosseo |
찔렀어요 jjilleosseoyo |
찔렀습니까 jjilleotseumnikka | |
| Hortative | 찌르자 jjireuja |
찔러 jjilleo |
찔러요 jjilleoyo |
찌르십시다 jjireusipsida | |
| Imperative | 찔러라 jjilleora |
찔러 jjilleo |
찔러요 jjilleoyo |
찌릅시오 jjireupsio | |
| Assertive | 찌르겠다 jjireugetda |
찌르겠어 jjireugesseo |
찌르겠어요 jjireugesseoyo |
찌르겠습니다 jjireugetseumnida | |
| Connective forms | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 찔러 jjilleo |
찔러서 jjilleoseo |
찌르니 jjireuni |
찌르니까 jjireunikka | |
| Contrast | 찌르지만 jjireujiman |
찌르는데 jjireuneunde |
찌르더니 jjireudeoni |
||
| Conjunction | 찌르고 jjireugo |
||||
| Condition | 찌르면 jjireumyeon |
찔러야 jjilleoya |
|||
| Motive | 찌르려고 jjireuryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 찌름 jjireum |
찌르기 jjireugi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 찔렀음 jjilleosseum |
찔렀기 jjilleotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 찌른 jjireun | |||
| Present | 찌르는 jjireuneun | ||||
| Future | 찌를 jjireul | ||||
| Sentence-final forms with honorific | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Formal non-polite (해라체) |
Informal non-polite (해체) |
Informal polite (해요체) |
Formal polite (하십시오체) | ||
| Indicative | Non-past | 찌르신다 jjireusinda |
찌르셔 jjireusyeo |
찌르세요, 찌르셔요 jjireuseyo, jjireusyeoyo |
찌르십니다 jjireusimnida |
| Past | 찌르셨다 jjireusyeotda |
찌르셨어 jjireusyeosseo |
찌르셨어요 jjireusyeosseoyo |
찌르셨습니다 jjireusyeotseumnida | |
| Interrogative | Non-past | 찌르시느냐 jjireusineunya |
찌르셔 jjireusyeo |
찌르세요, 찌르셔요 jjireuseyo, jjireusyeoyo |
찌르십니까 jjireusimnikka |
| Past | 찌르셨느냐 jjireusyeonneunya |
찌르셨어 jjireusyeosseo |
찌르셨어요 jjireusyeosseoyo |
찌르셨습니까 jjireusyeotseumnikka | |
| Imperative | 찌르시라 jjireusira |
찌르셔 jjireusyeo |
찌르세요 jjireuseyo |
찌르십시오 jjireusipsio | |
| Assertive | 찌르시겠다 jjireusigetda |
찌르시겠어 jjireusigesseo |
찌르시겠어요 jjireusigesseoyo |
찌르시겠습니다 jjireusigetseumnida | |
| Connective forms with honorific | |||||
| Cause/Reason | 찌르셔 jjireusyeo |
찌르셔서 jjireusyeoseo |
찌르시니 jjireusini |
찌르시니까 jjireusinikka | |
| Contrast | 찌르시지만 jjireusijiman |
찌르시는데 jjireusineunde |
찌르시더니 jjireusideoni |
||
| Conjunction | 찌르시고 jjireusigo |
||||
| Condition | 찌르시면 jjireusimyeon |
찌르셔야 jjireusyeoya |
|||
| Motive | 찌르시려고 jjireusiryeogo |
||||
| Noun and determiner forms with honorific | |||||
| Verbal nouns | 찌르심 jjireusim |
찌르시기 jjireusigi | |||
| Past-tense verbal nouns | 찌르셨음 jjireusyeosseum |
찌르셨기 jjireusyeotgi | |||
| Determiners | Past | 찌르신 jjireusin | |||
| Present | 찌르시는 jjireusineun | ||||
| Future | 찌르실 jjireusil | ||||
Related terms
[edit]- 찔레 (jjille, “multiflora rose”)