자시다

See also: 자다

Korean

Etymology

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 좌〯시다〮 (Yale: cwǎsìtá).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ˈt͡ɕa̠(ː)ɕʰida̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [자(ː)시다]
  • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	jasida
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	jasida
McCune–Reischauer?	chasida
Yale Romanization?	cāsita

Verb

자시다 • (jasida) (infinitive 자셔 or 자시어, sequential 자시니)

1. (dated) extreme honorific of 먹다 (meokda, “to eat, drink, consume”) (traditionally used for high officials, kings, etc)

   Synonym: 드시다 (deusida, normal honorific form)

   주상전하께서 물을 자시고 […]

   jusangjeonha-kkeseo mur-eul jasigo [ … ]

   His Majesty drank water, and...

   나으리께서 고기를 자시지 아니하니 […]

   na'euri-kkeseo gogi-reul jasiji anihani [ … ]

   The nobleman would not have meat, so...

2. never mind... (dismisses the preceding verb or adjective; both are given with the connective suffix 고 (go))

   코로나고 자시고 굶어 죽겠다.

   korona-go jasigo gulmeo jukgetda.

   Never mind the corona, you're going to starve to death.

   파랗고 자시고 뭐가 중요하오?

   parako jasigo mwo-ga jung'yohao?

   Never mind if it's blue or not, what does it matter?

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the verb 자시다 (jasida): vowel-stem, 시(si)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	자신다 jasinda	자셔 jasyeo	자세요, 자셔요 jaseyo, jasyeoyo	자십니다 jasimnida
	Past	자셨다 jasyeotda	자셨어 jasyeosseo	자셨어요 jasyeosseoyo	자셨습니다 jasyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	자시느냐 jasineunya	자셔 jasyeo	자세요, 자셔요 jaseyo, jasyeoyo	자십니까 jasimnikka
	Past	자셨느냐 jasyeonneunya	자셨어 jasyeosseo	자셨어요 jasyeosseoyo	자셨습니까 jasyeotseumnikka
Imperative				자세요, 자셔요 jaseyo, jasyeoyo	자십시오 jasipsio
Assertive		자시겠다 jasigetda	자시겠어 jasigesseo	자시겠어요 jasigesseoyo	자시겠습니다 jasigetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		자셔 jasyeo	자셔서 jasyeoseo	자시니 jasini	자시니까 jasinikka
Contrast		자시지만 jasijiman	자시는데 jasineunde	자시더니 jasideoni
Conjunction		자시고 jasigo
Condition		자시면 jasimyeon	자셔야 jasyeoya
Motive		자시려고 jasiryeogo
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		자심 jasim	자시기 jasigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		자셨음 jasyeosseum	자셨기 jasyeotgi
Determiners	Past	자신 jasin
	Present	자시는 jasineun
	Future	자실 jasil

This verb is in honorific form.